MULLER 1 Definitions

R.W. Burnett, A.K. Covington, N. Fogh-Andersen, W.R. Kulpmann, A. Lewenstam, A.H.J. Maas, O. Muller-Plathe, A.L. Vankessel, and W.G. Zijlstra, Use of ion-selective electrodes for blood-electrolyte analysis. Recommendations for nomenclature, definitions and conventions. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 38, 363-370 (2000). 

Muller s important discovery seems to have been overlooked for fifteen years, but on January 25, 1798, M. H. Klaproth read a paper on the gold ores of Transylvania before the Academy of Sciences in Berlin. He reminded his hearers of the forgotten element, and suggested for it the name tellurium, meaning earth, by which it has ever since been known (3). It is hard to understand why so many historians of science credit him with the discovery of tellurium. Klaproth, who was never desirous of undeserved honors, stated definitely that the element had been discovered by Muller von Reichenstein in 1782 (11, 14). 

I have expressly and emphatically explained that the credit for the discovery belongs to Mr. Muller von Reichenstein. Can one more definitely observe the suum cuique Now since I have never claimed the discovery, it is now as clear... 

In the mouse, whereas no evidence of H3 receptors was found in isolated gastric glands (Muller et al., 1993), in the whole stomach, (R)a-methylhistamine actually increased, and thioperamide decreased acid secretion, thus indicating a definite stimulatory role for H3 receptors in this species (Table 2). Apparently, this excitatory effect, which contrasts with the observations obtained in other models, was due to an inhibitory effect on somatostatin release from fundic D cells (Schubert et al., 1993 Vuyyuru and Schubert 1993). Also, an inhibitory effect on somatostatin secretion mediated by H3 agonists was observed in other species (rat and dog). However, contrarily to what might have been expected, in these species, the inhibitory effect on somatostatin is not followed by an increase in acid secretion, but it is instead followed by a decrease, owing to the predominant H3-mediated inhibition on the release of excitatory mediators (histamine, acetylcholine) from other sites (ECL, cholinergic nerve terminals)... 

Hamiltonian proposed by Muller and Plesset gives rise to a very successful and efficient method to treat electron correlation effects in systems that can be described by a single reference wave function. However, for a multireference wave function the Moller-Plesset division can no longer be made and an alternative choice of B(0> is needed. One such scheme is the Complete Active Space See-ond-Order Perturbation Theory (CASPT2) developed by Anderson and Roos [3, 4], We will briefly resume the most important definitions of the theory one is referred to the original articles for a more extensive description of the method. The reference wave function is a CASSCF wave function that accounts for the largest part of the non-dynamical electron correlation. The zeroth-order Hamiltonian is defined as follows and reduces to the Moller-Plesset operator in the limit of zero active orbitals ... 

For nonspherical particles, Muller (1928) postulated that since the diffusion equation applicable to aerosol problems is the same (except for definition of terms) as the general equation for electric fields (Laplace s equation), there should be analogs among the electrostatic terms for various properties of coagulation. For example, the potential should be analogous to particle number concentration, and field strength to particle agglomeration rate. Zebel (1966) pointed out that... 

It is worth mentioning that Muller and Vogt have recently reintroduced the A, A concept for phosphinine ligands that have similar steric characteristics to NHC [119]. They call the two different angles the occupancy angles a and p, but the definitions are almost identical and they point out that the arithmetic average of a and p is very close to the Tolman cone angle 0 for tertiary phosphanes. 

In a recent review, Muller discusses the privileged stracture concept and highlights several paradigms of these structures. The definition of privileged structure can be easily confused with the concept of recurrent structural element. While some recurrent elements can be desirable, those that result in hits across many screens can generate irrelevant compounds or false positives, which should obviously be avoided. 

For a rigorous definition of neighbouring groups see IUPAC, Commission on Physical Organic Chemistry. P Muller, ed. Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry. Pure App Chem 66 45, 1994. 

Muller s "Instrumentation in Analysis" essays are of interest for many reasons we can find in them an explicit articulated definition of modern objective instrumental methods they clearly show how these developments were tied to industrial needs and, because of this connection, we can see how technological values of blackboxing, standardization, and cost efficiency get tied to this emerging notion of instrumental objectivity. Muller serves as an excellent witness to changes in this notion of objectivity and the tensions that produced them. 

This term was defined at file SHELX workshop in Gottingen in September 2003 to distinguish the MoO from redundancy, or multiplicity, wifii which file MoO has frequenfiy been confused in file past. In contrast to redundancy, which is repeated recording of the same reflection obtained from the same crystal orientation (performing scans that rotate the crystal by more than 360°), MoO, sometimes also referred to as true redundancy , describes multiple measurements of the same reflection obtained from different crystal orientations (i.e. measured at different -angles) . Quoted from Muller et al. (2005). Definitions of the merging / -values can be found in Chapter 1. 

Coal lithotypes represent the macrostructure of coal and are, in fact, descriptive of the coal. A piece of coal will usually exhibit a definite banded appearance due to the accumulation of different types of plant debris during the formation of the organic sediment (White, 1911 Thiessen, 1931 Muller et al., 1990 ... 

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