Mucopolysaccharides urinary excretion

A definite difference in the urinary excretion of acid mucopolysaccharides was also observed (S2) in Morquio s disease. Although the nature of the mucopolysaccharide excreted in Morquio s disease awaits definite characterization, it does not appear to be keratan sulfate. 

The concentration of acid mucopolysaccharides in serum, and their excretion in urine, are increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (D7), lupus erythematosus (D6), diabetes (C7), and leukemia (R2, SIO) and other malignant diseases (R2). The daily urinary excretion of acid mucopolysaccharides was within the normal range in cases of acute hepatitis, but was usually increased in chronic hepatitis and in florid cirrhosis (K5). A decrease in the amount of acid mucopolysaccharides excreted was found in primary hepatoma, whereas in most cases of obstructive jaundice the amount was markedly increased (K5). 

D7. Di Ferrante, N., Urinary excretion of acid mucopolysaccharides by patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J. Clin. Invest. 36, 1516-1520 (1957). 

Gll. Grumbach, M. M., and Meyer, K., Urinary excretion and tissue storage of sulfated mucopolysaccharides in Hurler s syndrome. A.M.A. ]. Diseases Children 96, 467-469 (1958). 

B20. Brunish, R., and Sorensen, B., Urinary excretion of acid mucopolysaccharides and hydroxyproline in psoriasis. Dermatologica 130, 165-172 (1965). 

M41. Mohanram, M., and Reddy, V., Urinary excretion of add mucopolysaccharides in kwashiorkor and vitamin A-defident children. Clin. Chim. Acta 34, 93-96 (1971). 

T3. Teller, W. M., Urinary excretion patterns of individual acid mucopolysaccharides. Nature (London) 213, 1132-1133 (1967). 

W14. Winand, R. J., Increased urinary excretion of acidic mucopolysaccharides in exophthalmos. /. Clin. Invest. 47, 2503-2568 (1967). 

Laboratory findings are characterized by increased urinary excretion of mucopolysaccharides (Dorfman and Lorincz 1957), with values of 60 mg per liter and more as compared to normal values of 5—10 mg per liter. The urinary mucopolysaccharides in HD consist of chondroitinsulfate B and heparitin sulfate (Dorfman and Lorincz 1957, Meyer et al. 1958) with a 2 1 ratio. The occurrence of both mucopolysaccharides is used for distinction of HD from other mucopolysaccharidoses or other disorders associated with increased mucopolysaccharide excretion, such as the Marfan syndrome (Berenson and Dalferes 1965). The finding of a smaller proportion of heparitinsulfate in HD as compared to the sex-linked mucopolysaccharidosis II (see table 8) (Terry and Linker 1964) is not obligatory. Increased arylsulfatase B activity was found in the urine of patients with HD by Austin et al. (1964). 

Cl. Campbell, T. N., and Fried, M., Urinary mucopolysaccharide excretion in the sex-linked form of the Hurler syndrome. Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 108, 529-533 (1961). 

KS. Kawata, H., Koizumi, T., Wada, R., and Yoshida, T., Urinary acid mucopolysaccharide excretion in liver damage. Gastroenterology 40, 507-512 (1961). 

Uric acid bears a very close relation to urinary stones. Uric acid stones appear very often in patients with a high uric acid blood concentration and increased uric acid excretion in the urine. But an increase of uric acid in urine can also promote the formation of calcium oxalate stones because uric acid blocks the inhibitory activity of the acid mucopolysaccharides on the precipitation of calcium oxalate (6). 

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