Mountain pine oil

Pini pitmilionis aeth. Mountain pine oil Piiius in ago TURRA ssp. mugo ssp. puniilio (HAENKE) FRANCO OAB, Helv VIE MD 3%-IO% esters, calc, als bornyl acetate and bornyl formiate a- and p-phellandrene (60%), a- and (Vpinene (10%"20%), aiiisaldehyde... 

Mountain maple extract solid. See Mountain maple (Acer spicatum) extract solid Mountain pine oil. See Pine (Pinus pumilio) needle oil... 

UN NA 1993 (DOT) FEMA 2904 Synonyms Dwarf pine needle oil Knee pine oil Mountain pine oil Pine needle, dwarf, oil Pine needle oil... 

ISO standard 21093 shows character and data for that oil. Pinus maritima shows nearly identical values and adulteration is hardly to recognize. As long as the price of the oil of P. maritima was one- fth of the Pinus mugo, it was sold in large quantities as mountain pine oil. Now prices are nearly identical and mixing up makes no sense anymore. Adulteration is done by a-pinene, P pinene, 5-3-carene, (-)-limonene, myrcene, p-phellandrene, and /-bornyl acetate from various sources. 

Common/vernacular names Swiss mountain pine oil P. mugo). 

Source Major component in pine oil (quoted, Verschueren, 1983). Also present in a variety of rosemary shoots (330-3,290 ppm) (Soriano-Cano et al., 1993), anise-scented basil leaves (1,785 ppm) (Brophy et al, 1993), Iberian savory leaves (2,660 ppm) (Arrebola et al., 1994), African blue basil shoots (7,000 ppm), Greek sage (160-5,040 ppm). Montane Mountain mint (3,395-3,880 ppm), yarrow leaves (45-1,780 ppm), and coriander (100-1,300 ppm) (Duke, 1992). 

Oil of Dwarf Pine Needles- Oil of mountain pine Pinus Montana oil Pinus pumilio oil. Volatile oil from fresh leaves of Pinus montana Mill. (P. pumilio Haenke), Pinaceae. Constit. i-Pinene, f-phellandrene, sylvestrene, dipenteue, cadinene, 5-7% homy I acetate. 

Synonyms cas 8000-26-8 dwarf pine needle oil knee pine oil latschenkieferol oil of mountain pine ... 

Example 2. Western forests in the United States have been victims of severe attacks by the Mountain Pine Beetle in recent years. It is desired to convert dead trees into bio-oil via fast pyrolysis in mobile units. Suggest a reactor type for that conversion. 

Research continues to explore the HT of bio-oil produced from new biomass feedstocks. Researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have reported several related investigations including the use of the phase-separated heavy less-aqueous fraction from bio-oU for production of liquid fuels and low-sidfur coke (Elliott et al., 2013a), bio-oU produced from mountain-pine-beetle-killed trees and hog fuel (Zacher et al., 2014), and the extractant-rich top phase from softwood pyrolysis (Elliott et al., 2012). Another study evaluated the HT of a bio-oU feedstock which was a phenolic oil recovered by fractionating and washing fast pyrolysis bio-oil (Elliott et al., 2015). 

Zacher, A.H., Elliott, D.C., Olarte, M.V., Santosa, D.M., Preto, F., lisa, K., 2014. Pyrolysis of woody residue feedstocks upgrading of bio-oils from mountain-pine-beetle-killed trees and hog fuel. Energy Fuels 28, 7510—7516. 

Dwarf pine-needle oil is obtained in Austria (Tyrol) and other mountainous areas of central and southeast Europe by steam distillation of fresh needles and twig tips of Pinus mugo Turra subsp. mugo Zenan and subsp. pumilio (Haenke) Franco. It is a colorless liquid with a pleasant, balsamic odor. 

While harvesting oil-containing nuts is becoming more mechanized each year, many of them such as pine nuts, hazel nuts, black walnuts, hickory nuts, pecans, coconuts and others, are harvested by members of the farm family at low cost. This is especially true in the Himalaya Mountains of India, and the Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States, as well as the wild coconuts of the Philippines. 

Cedarwood oil Atlas is obtained by steam distillation of the wood of C. atlantica, which is a pyramidal tree closely related to the pines up to about 40 m high and growing in the Atlas Mountains of Algeria. This oil is produced primarily in Morocco it has different odor characteristics than the Virginian and Texan oils. 

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