Motor dysfunction and

A mean Stanford-Binet IQ decrement of 5 points, fine motor dysfunction, and altered behavioral profiles were found in 70 preschool children exhibiting pica for paint and plaster and elevated PbB levels (>40 pg/dL, mean of 58 pg/dL), when compared with results for matched control subjects not engaged in... 

Wernicke s encephalopathy A neurological condition characterised by visual disturbances, motor dysfunction and confusion which, like Korsakoff s syndrome, is commonly associated with long-term alcohol misuse. 

Watson, R.W, Jones, R.D., and Sharman, N.B. 1997. Two-dimensional tracking tasks for quantification of sensory-motor dysfunction and their application to Parkinson s disease. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 35 141-145. 

Metabolic stroke with edema evolving into necrosis of the basal ganglia and globus pallidus which leads to disabling movement disorder, motor dysfunction, and hypotonia... 

Vagotomy, particularly of the truncal variety, often resulted in antral and pyloric motor dysfunction and gastric stasis. A wide variety of drainage procedures was developed to obviate this problem. 

Kir3.2 Weaver mouse. A mutant mouse with cer ebellar degeneration and motor dysfunction resulting from a serine for glycine substitution in the -GYG- sequence of the K selectivity filter of Kir3.2. G-protein activated K conductances are abolished in the cerebellar neurons, leading to Ca2+ overload and cell death. 

When finger agnosia was present, there were more errors with the nonpreferred hand (2.05 mean errors) than with the preferred hand (1.88 mean errors). Fewer than 10 percent of the sample showed performances on the hand dynamometer below the normative standards. Conversely, nearly 50 percent of the sample showed below normal performances on the finger oscillation test, a finding that suggests that fine motor dysfunction is more prevalent as a result of PCP and other drug abuse than gross motor dysfunction. 

Unlike many chemicals in the brain, neurotransmitters are not homogeneously distributed, but concentrated in certain regions. For example, almost two-thirds of the dopamine in the brain is found in the bilateral nigrostriatal (mesostriatal) tract (pathway), where the neuronal cell bodies are located in the substantia nigra and the axons terminate in the corpus striatum. When over 85% of these dopaminergic neurons are lost, the characteristic motor dysfunction of Parkinson s disease is seen. 

Annese V, Bassotti G, Caruso N, De Cosmo S, Gabbrielli A, Modoni S, et al Gastrointestinal motor dysfunction, symptoms, and neuropathy in noninsulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus. J Clin Gastroenterol 1999,29 171-177. 

The outlook for patients who are treated at an early age is favorable. Affected babies are normal at birth but almost all will be impaired unless they receive dietary restriction by age 3 months. Mass screening has largely eliminated the untreated PKU phenotype of eczema, poor growth, irritability, musty odor (caused by phenylacetic acid) and tendency to self-mutilation. Progressive motor dysfunction has been described in children with longterm hyperphenylalaninemia. 

Intrauterine seizures may occur. The electroencephalogram often displays a hypsarrhythmia or a burst-suppression pattern. Patients display myoclonic jerks, hiccuping and a profound hypotonia. The few patients who survive past the first week usually sustain profound mental retardation and neurological disability. Brain imaging shows atrophy and a loss of myelin. Rarely, patients present later in life with psychomotor retardation and growth failure. Others have had initial normal development followed by a progressive loss of developmental milestones. Some patients have manifested spinocerebellar degeneration and other symptoms of motor dysfunction [27],... 

Dams received oral dose of 32 mg/kg BW daily on days 10-16 of gestation Permanent motor dysfunction in weaning mice characterized by swift circling movements, restlessness, and hyperkinesia spinal and cranial nerve roots abnormal 11... 

Traditionally, most affective disorders have been treated with compounds that resemble the neurotransmitters that are deficient or in excess in specific brain regions. The aberrant levels of neurotransmitters (or their receptors), such as norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine, and serotonin, have correlated with behavioral symptoms of schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, motor dysfunctions, attention difficulties, and cognitive disorders. Most drugs discovered for these disorders resulted from screening compounds directly in rodent behavioral models that mimic the behavior of the disease. In these cases, the molecular target" or mechanism of action was assumed to be the deficiency or excess of a neurotransmitter. 

Motor effects Amanita constituents cause a notable motor dysfunction in both animals and humans. A general inhibition of motor function occurs through supraspinal mechanisms. Other effects include twitching, trembling, or convulsive-like movements of the extremities. 

HD is caused by polyQ expansion in the amino-terminal region of a protein huntingtin (Htt). Disruption of the HD gene in mice causes increased neuronal apoptosis and progressive behavioural and motor dysfunction reminiscent of the disease in humans (Sanchez et al., 1999) but the exact molecular mechanisms... 

The main acute effect is inebriation, which in turn spawns violence, spousal and child abuse, crime, motor vehicle accidents, workplace and home accidents, drowning, suicide, and accidental death. The chronic effects include alcoholism, liver disease, various forms of cancer, brain disorders, cardiovascular disease and other organ system effects, absence from or loss of work, family dysfunction, and malnutrition. 

Huntington disease is an autosomal dominant disorder involving degeneration of the striatum and cortex that manifests as motor dysfunction in midlife and leads to progressive loss of cognitive function and death. 

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