Monomethyl-2,6-naphthalene

Davies and Warren have investigated the nitration of naphthalene, ace-naphthene and eight dimethylnaphthalenes in acetic anhydride at o °C. Rates relative to naphthalene were determined by the competition method, and the nitro-isomers formed were separated by chromatographic and identified by spectrophotometric means. The results, which are summarised in the table, were discussed in terms of various steric effects, and the applicability of the additivity rule was examined. For the latter purpose use was made of the data of Alcorn and Wells (table 10.2) relating to the nitration of monomethyl-naphthalenes at 25 °C. The additivity rule was found to have only limited utility, and it was suggested that the discrepancies might be due in part to the... 

Aromatic EC>9-EC16 Fraction. Studies measuring the rate and extent of absorption in humans or animals following inhalation exposure to naphthalene or the monomethyl naphthalenes were not available, but observations of systemic health effects in humans and animals provide qualitative evidence of absorption of these indicator compounds (ATSDR 1995e). Studies of humans following inhalation exposure to isopropylbenzene (cumene) indicated a retention percentage of about 50%... 

Aromatic EC>9-EC16 Fraction. No data regarding the extent or rate of absorption of ingested naphthalene or monomethyl naphthalenes were available, except for a report that 80% of an oral dose of 2-methyl naphthalene was recovered as metabolites in the urine of rats within 24 hours (ATSDR 1995e). Studies with animals indicate that orally administered isopropylbenzene (cumene) rapidly appeared in the blood and that 90% of the administered dose was accounted for in urinary metabolites (EPA 1987a, 1997b). 

Aromatic EC>9-EC16 Fraction. Data regarding the rate and extent of dermally administered isopropylbenzene (cumene), naphthalene, or monomethyl naphthalenes were restricted to observations of systemic effects in humans and animals following dermal exposure to these compounds (ATSDR 1995e EPA 1987a, 1997b). 

The carbon nanotubes can be useful in the separation of molecules not only with different sizes (monomethyl naphthalenes) but also those with different shapes (dimethyl naphthalenes) as demonstrated with a tube of inner diameter of 7.3A. The above results have clearly indicated that the application of carbon nanotubes for gas separation is in very early stage of a technology with far-reaching consequences. The important point brought out is the fact that computational techniques such as MD and CG methods are efficient for screening and designing of carbon nanotubes for selective adsorption and separation of molecules. 

An interesting reaction of dimsyl anion 88 is the methylation of polyaromatic compounds. Thus naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, acridine, quinoline, isoquinoline and phenanthridine were regiospecifically methylated upon treatment with potassium t-butoxide and DMSO in digyme or with sodium hydride in DMSO123-125. Since ca. 50% of D was found to remain in the monomethyl derivative 93 derived from 9-deuteriophenanthrene 92, the mechanistic route shown in Scheme 2 was suggested125. 

Exercise 22-1 How many structurally different monomethyl derivatives are possible for each of the following compounds Name each, a. naphthalene b. anthracene c. phenanthrene... 

MC MDI MEKP MF MMA MPEG MPF NBR NDI NR OPET OPP OSA PA PAEK PAI PAN PB PBAN PBI PBN PBS PBT PC PCD PCT PCTFE PE PEC PEG PEI PEK PEN PES PET PF PFA PI PIBI PMDI PMMA PMP PO PP PPA PPC PPO PPS PPSU Methyl cellulose Methylene diphenylene diisocyanate Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide Melamine formaldehyde Methyl methacrylate Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether Melamine-phenol-formaldehyde Nitrile butyl rubber Naphthalene diisocyanate Natural rubber Oriented polyethylene terephthalate Oriented polypropylene Olefin-modified styrene-acrylonitrile Polyamide Poly(aryl ether-ketone) Poly(amide-imide) Polyacrylonitrile Polybutylene Poly(butadiene-acrylonitrile) Polybenzimidazole Polybutylene naphthalate Poly(butadiene-styrene) Poly(butylene terephthalate) Polycarbonate Polycarbodiimide Poly(cyclohexylene-dimethylene terephthalate) Polychlorotrifluoroethylene Polyethylene Chlorinated polyethylene Poly(ethylene glycol) Poly(ether-imide) Poly(ether-ketone) Polyethylene naphthalate Polyether sulfone Polyethylene terephthalate Phenol-formaldehyde copolymer Perfluoroalkoxy resin Polyimide Poly(isobutylene), Butyl rubber Polymeric methylene diphenylene diisocyanate Poly(methyl methacrylate) Poly(methylpentene) Polyolefins Polypropylene Polyphthalamide Chlorinated polypropylene Poly(phenylene oxide) Poly(phenylene sulfide) Poly(phenylene sulfone)... 

Monomethyl hydrazine Morpholine Naphtha (coal tar) Naphthalene P-Naphthylamine Nickel carbonyl Nickel metal 1 ST CT CT 1... 

The number of possible octahydro derivatives of the monomethyl-and dimethylnaphthalenes is so large that identification is impractical. With naphthalene, however, analysis is possible. Not only are the six octalin isomers identifiable (66), but eventually all were detected in the products of partial hydrogenation of naphthalene with a ruthenium-on-alumina catalyst at 75° and 1000 psig. The results obtained by gas chromatography are shown in Table VIII. All six isomers were detected... 

Figure 3.4-2. Volatile ingredients of different household products. A paint remover, B furniture polish, C shoe polish. 1 aliphatic hydrocarbons (C9-C32) 2 cycloalkanes branched alkanes 4 l-butanol-3-methylacetate 5 diethylene glycol monomethyl ether 6 l-butanol-3-methoxy acetate 7 C2-C5 benzenes 8 l-methyl-2-pyrrolidone 9 naphthalene /O hydronaphthalene.

The analogous cyclization of 75 allowed a specific synthesis of the monomethyl ether 73, the naphthalene part of 7-2 coupled alkaloids like 21 and 22 (36,55). All three naphthalenes 34, 73, and 74 also have been found free, not coupled to isoquinolines, for example, in tropical Ebenaceae (64,65). The ring closure reaction to 34, or, respectively, to 73, was found to be regiospecific the... 

NDA can be purified by esterification with methanol and allow to fractionally crystallize the dimethyl-2,6-naphtbalene dicarboxylate (NDC) and monomethyl-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate. 

Molybdenum disulfide, 436 Monoethanolamine, 79, 224 Monomethyl-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate, 348 Montmorillonite, 12 Morpholine, 250... 

Half ester of adipic acid Monomethyl azelaic acid 2-Methyl naphthalene Naphthalene Furan Toluene Benzene... 

Similar decomposition mechanisms have been found with other Pseudomonas strains (including P. multivorans) and with monomethyl and dimethyl naphthalenes, for example to methyl salicylic acids and to dimethyl salicylic acids (if both methyl groups were present in the same nucleus of the naphthalene), or to methyl naphthalene carboxylic acids [51]. On the other hand, Cunninghamella el-egans metabolizes naphthalene to trans-l,2-dihydrodiol, from which 1-naphthol, 1,4-naphthoquinone and 4-hydroxy-1-tetralone are formed as intermediates for further decomposition [126, 127]. 

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