Monomethyl hydrazine

Hydraziae is toxic and readily absorbed by oral, dermal, or inhalation routes of exposure. Contact with hydraziae irritates the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Liquid splashed iato the eyes may cause permanent damage to the cornea. At high doses it can cause convulsions, but even low doses may result ia ceatral aervous system depressioa. Death from acute exposure results from coavulsioas, respiratory arrest, and cardiovascular coUapse. Repeated exposure may affect the lungs, Hver, and kidneys. Of the hydraziae derivatives studied, 1,1-dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) appears to be the least hepatotoxic monomethyl-hydrazine (MMH) seems to be more toxic to the kidneys. Evidence is limited as to the effect of hydraziae oa reproductioa and/or development however, animal studies demonstrate that only doses that produce toxicity ia pregaant rats result ia embryotoxicity (164). 

Molybdenum insoluble compounds Molybdenum soluble compounds Monochloroacetic acid Monochlorobenzene (chlorobenzene) Monocrotophos Monomethyl aniline Monomethyl hydrazine Monomethylarsonic acid Morpholine... 

V. Palumbo-Romand, M. Ferriol, M. T. Cohen-Adad, N. Clavaguera. Nucleation and crystallization phenomena in stoichiometric monomethyl-hydrazine-water mixtures. J Cryst Growth 180 23%, 1997. 

Iridium Coating for Spacecraft Rocket Nozzles. The coating of rocket nozzles with iridium is a good example of the ability of CVD to provide a complete composite material, in this case a structural refractory shell substrate coated with a corrosion- and oxidation-resistant component. The device is a thruster rocket nozzle for a satellite. The rocket uses a liquid propellant which is a mixture of nitrogen tetroxide and monomethyl hydrazine. 

It should be noted that the UDMH + O3 mechanism is probably quite different from that appropriate for hydrazines with hydrogens on both nitrogen atoms. In our study of the reactions of O3 with N2Hi and monomethyl hydrazine (MMH) 0,0, the data were best explained by assuming the initial hydrazine consumption reactions to be analogous to reactions (1) and (2), but with the N-amino radical formed reacting rapidly with O2, e.g.. 

Of the many alkyl substituted hydrazines, only two are used as rocket fuels now monomethyl hydrazine (MMH), CH3NHNH2, and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH), (CH3)2NNH2. (See Hypergolic Fuels in this Vol for combustion properties as rocket fuels). Their physical properties are summarized below... 

METHYL- HYDRAZINE Monomethyl-hydrazine, MMH Flammable Liquid 3 3 1... 

Aircraft hydraulic power unit fuel tank (containing a mixture of anhydrous hydrazine and monomethyl hydrazine ) (M86 fuel) 3165... 

The US Navy has also investigated the use of biodegradation for the disposal of TNT containing rinse w ( pink water ) (Ref 41). Likewise, the combined disposal in stabilization ponds of monomethyl hydrazine, nitrate and nitrite salts and nitrogen tetroxide waste liquors... 

Monomethyl hydrazine Morpholine Naphtha (coal tar) Naphthalene P-Naphthylamine Nickel carbonyl Nickel metal 1 ST CT CT 1... 

SYNS HYDRAZOMETHANE 1-METHYL HYDRAZINE METHYLHYDRAZINE pOT) METYLOHYDRAZYNA (POLISH) MMH MONOMETHYL HYDRAZINE RCRA WASTE NUMBER P068... 

Since hydrazine also reacts vigorously with the halogens, fluorine is often used instead of oxygen as the oxidizer in rocket engines. Substituted hydrazines, where one or more of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by other groups, are also useful rocket fuels. For example, monomethyl hydrazine,... 

The structure of gyromitrine was found to be acetaldehyde iV-methyl-iV-formylhydrazone on the basis of spectral analysis and chemical transformations. On acidic hydrolysis gyromitrine was converted to monomethyl-hydrazine 343), also a natural constituent of G. esculenta 344,345), which is the highly toxic substance used as rocket fuel to help send Apollo... 

What momentous second-millennium achievement involved the chemical reaction between nitrogen tetroxide and monomethyl-hydrazine ... 

Common hypergolic fuels used in spacecraft are hydrazine, monomethyl hydrazine (MMH) and unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine (UDMH). Hydrazine (NH -NKj), with a density close to that of water (1004 kg.m ), gives the best performance as a rocket fuel, but its high melting point (m.p. 1.4°C) combined with a poor thermal stability prevent its use as an engine coolant. Methyl hydrazine also called commercially monomethyl hydrazine (CHj-NH-NH ) referred to by the common acronym (MMH) is lighter (866 kg.m" ) and more heat-resistant than... 

Holmstrom SD, Sandlin ZD, Steinecker WH, Cox JA (2000) Mediated oxidation and determination of gaseous monomethyl hydrazine in a solid-state voltammetric cell employing a sol-gel electrolyte. Electroanalysis 12 262-266 Huo Q, Margolese DI, Stucky G (1996) Surfactant control of phases in the synthesis of mesoporous sUica-based materials. Chem Mater 8 1147-1160... 

---