Engines, rocket

Results of determining a density of a composite material nozzles of the rocket engine before and after impregnation by metal. 

Modacrylic Modacrylic fibers Modacrylics Modane Modeling Modeling systems Mode-locked lasers Model rocket engines Models... 

Grade C, Type II is typical of Hquid oxygen used as a rocket propellant oxidizer. Particulate content is limited because of the critical clearances found in mechanical parts of the rocket engine. In addition to water, acetylene and methane are limited because, on long standing, oxygen evaporation could cause concentration of these combustible contaminants to reach hazardous levels. 

The only a-ahoy of commercial importance is Ti—5A1—2.5Sn. This ahoy is weldable, has good elevated temperature stabhity and good oxidation resistance to about 600°C, and is used for forgings and sheet-metal parts, such as aircraft engine compressor cases because of its weldabhity. The ELI version of this ahoy is used in the cryogenic area of rocket engines. However, the ahoy is difficult to produce and has not been designed into more recent aerospace systems. 

Titanium alloys are widely applied in aviation, rocket engineering and ship building due to their high strength, corrosion resistance and the small specific weight. 

Rocket propellant is a mixture of combustible substances that is burned inside the combustion chamber of a rocket engine. Burning is the chemical process of decomposition and oxidation of the propellant. The resulting highly heated and compressed gas (propulsive mass) is ejected from a combustion chamber and facilitates propulsion—movement of the aggregate attached to the rocket engine. In physi-... 

A liquid propellant consists of two liquid chemicals, fuel and oxidizer, which arc delivered from separate tanks into the cninbtistinii chamher of a liquid propellant rocket engine (LPRE). 

Propulsion generates kinetic energy to facilitate motion of spacecraft. Although propulsion is provided by various types of devices, the most common propulsion system of modern space technology is a rocket engine, a device that propels a rocket by a force... 

Rocket engines arc also used for maneuvers in space. Some operations, such as a onetime transfer of a satellite from lower to higher orbit, could be performed by a solid-propellant engine. Yet many complex maneuvers, such as rendezvous and docking with another spacecraft, require multiple engine firings and variable power impulses. Hence modern spacecraft are equipped with an assortment of attitude control engines that usually use liquid storable propellant. 

The most advanced among today s projects is the future American reusable launch system known as Venture Star. It utilizes two new concepts that are expected to boost efficiency and cut down the cost of a payload. The first is the single stage-to-orbit concept—the launch vehicle carries the entire propellant load and does not have any expendable parts. The latter is planned to be achieved by a revolutionary rocket engine design called Aerospike. The bell-shaped noz-... 

Another attractive idea is to use electric power for propulsion. Having many design variations, the electric rocket engines (ERE) could roughly be divided into three groups ... 

Rocket Engines 30,000 kg minutes seconds were ground tested in the 1960s- 1980s. 

The first experiments with the thermal electric engine were conducted in Russia in 1929 by its inventor, Valentin P. Glushko, who later became a world-famous authority in rocket propulsion. For more than forty years, the United States and Russia have devoted many resources to research and development of various kinds of EREs. First tested in space by the Russians in 1964, these engines have found some limited applications in modern space technology. For more than two decades Russian weather and communication satellites have regularly used electric rocket engines for orbital stabilization. The first spacecraft to employ ERE for main propulsion was the American asteroid exploration probe Deep Space 1, launched in 1998. The performance of... 

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