Monoclonal antibody detection

Y1/82A A monoclonal antibody detecting a cytoplasmic ant en in human macroph es... 

Chuntharapai A, Lee J, Hebert CA, Kim KJ. Monoclonal antibodies detect different distribution patterns of IL-8 receptor A and IL-8 receptor B on human peripheral blood leukocytes. J Immunol 1994 153(12) 5682-5688. 

OncoscintCR/OV Monoclonal antibody Detection of colorectal and ovarian cancers... 

Leigh IM, Purkis PE and Bruckner-Tuderman L (1987). LH-7.2 monoclonal antibody detects type-VII collagen in the sublamina densa zone of ecto-dermally derived epithelia, including skin. Epithe-lia, 1, 17-29. 

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a compound which is currently not regulated, but as it exhibits weak estrogenic properties it is a suspected endocrine disrupter [33]. BPA is widely used as a plasticizer in plastics such as polycarbonate and epoxy resins and thus it is a concern for water quahty. Soh et al. developed an SPR immunosensor based on inhibition assay to detect BPA [34]. They used a SPR-20 sensor instrument (DKK, Japan) with the sensor chip modified with thiol monolayer on which BPA was immobilized through BPA succinimidyl ester. Using a monoclonal antibody, detection of BPA in buffer at concentrations as low as 10 ngmL was achieved. Detection time was approximately 30 min and the sensor was demonstrated to be regenerable using... 

A two-site immunometric assay of undecapeptide substance P (SP) has been developed. This assay is based on the use of two different antibodies specifically directed against the N- and C-terminal parts of the peptide (95). Affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies raised against the six amino-terminal residues of the molecule were used as capture antibodies. A monoclonal antibody directed against the carboxy terminal part of substance P (SP), covalently coupled to the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, was used as the tracer antibody. The assay is very sensitive, having a detection limit close to 3 pg/mL. The assay is fiiUy specific for SP because cross-reactivity coefficients between 0.01% were observed with other tachykinins, SP derivatives, and SP fragments. The assay can be used to measure the SP content of rat brain extracts. 

Va.ria.tions in Methods. The various immunochemical methods can differ in a number of ways. For example, the analytical reagent may be cmde antisemm, monoclonal antibodies, isolated immunoglobulin fractions, etc. The conditions under which the method is mn, detection of the antigen—antibody complex, and the techniques used to increase sensitivity or specificity of the reaction all maybe varied. 

Watanabe et al. developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of inabenfide, a plant growth regulator, in rice. Specific monoclonal antibody (MAB) is used for this method. The effects of rice matrices on the sensitivity of ELISA can be reduced by adding 0.1% Tween 20. Good reproducibility and accuracy of the proposed ELISA were obtained for rice samples and the recovery was 92% at a fortification level of 5-500 xgkg . ... 

A monoclonal antibody-based ELISA has been utilized to determine ceftiofur levels in milk. The authors noted that matrix interference occurred, but a 1 100 dilution lowered the interference, and a 1 1000 dilution eliminated the matrix interference. Because of the high dilution, samples could not be measured below l.Opgkg The assay measured ceftiofur, its major metabolite desfuroylceftiofur, and ceftiofur protein conjugates and has been utilized to measure residues in milk from cows treated with therapeutic doses of the drug. The results from the incurred residue correlated well with a previous study using radiolabeled ceftiofur, confirming the detection of a metabolite that was not detected by HPLC. 

I direct fluorescent monoclonal antibody test. Given the fact that most women are asymptomatic, an annual screening or physical is necessary, as early detection may reduce rates of transmission. 

The most common BTA test is an immunoassay-based assay that uses monoclonal antibodies to detect the presence of bladder tumor-associated antigen in urine. In clinical studies, the BTA test was compared with cytoscopy-voided urine for the detection of recurrent bladder cancer. The sensitivity of BTA appeared su-... 

The limitations of ELISA methods include the specificity of antibodies, the concentrations of primary antibody and antigen, and the type of reaction solution. Nonspecific binding of either of the antibodies to related antigens, unrelated proteins of other bacteria, or even the microtiter plate may lead to false positive reactions.49,52 57 Use of a monoclonal antibody may decrease crossreactivity with other antigens. For detection of low numbers of bacteria, as in drinking water, the sample may be filtered to concentrate the cells or cultured in a selective broth until it reaches the minimum detection limit for ELISA.49,58 Commercial test kits using dipsticks, immunoblots, and sandwich ELISA methods have been developed for the identification of pathogenic bacteria.58,59... 

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