Molecular weight of biomacromolecules

The methodological approaches to determine molecular weight of biomacromolecules can be classified as ... 

In sedimentation equilibrium (operated at -8000rpm), the concentration gradient of the sedimenting macromolecules is measured. The molecular weight of biomacromolecule is evaluated according to... 

Fig. 11 Cellulose (beech sulfite pulp) dissolved in NMMO (Lyocell dope). Left DSco and differential MWD of the starting pulp, molecular weights of DP = 50 and DP = 200 are indicated by vertical dashed lines. Right Time course of the overall carbonyl content for three selected molecular weight ranges. Reprinted with permission from Biomacromolecules (2002) 4 743. Copyright (2002) American Chemical Society...

The molecular weight is an intrinsic property of biomolecules. Sedimentation velocity is one of physicochemical methods which have been employed to determine molecular weights of many biomacromolecules. The molecular weight (M) of a biomacromolecule can be computed according to the Svelberg equation ... 

Physicochemical methods. The physicochemical methods (though mainly of historical interest) from which molecular weights of most biomacromolecules have been determined earlier include osmotic pressure, light scattering and sedimentation. 

Ren Y, Jiang X, Pan D, Mao H-Q (2010) Charge density and molecular weight of poljfphosphoramidate gene carrier are key parameters influencing its DNA compaction ability and transfection efficiency. Biomacromolecules 11 3432-3439... 

Petersen, H., Kunath, K., Martin, A.L., Stolnik, S., Roberts, C.J., Davies, M.C., et al. Starshaped poly(ethylene gJycol)-block-polyethylenimine copolymers enhance DNA condensation of low molecular weight polyethylenimines. Biomacromolecules 3, 926-936 (2002)... 

Renard, D. Lavenant-Gourgeon, L. Ralet, M. Sanchez, C. (2006). Acacia Senegal Gum Continuum of Molecular Species Differing by Their Protein to Sugar Ratio, Molecular Weight, and Charges. Biomacromolecules, Vol.7, No.9, (Augudt 2006), pp. 2637-2649, ISSN 1525-7797. 

The water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) emulsion method (Figure 11.4) is the predominant method used for encapsulation of biomacromolecules in these microparticles. Protein solution forms the internal water phase of the w/o/w emulsion. Loading efficiency of the microparticles has not been optimal using water or buffer as an internal phase, so water is sometimes substituted with polymeric liquids, such as low molecular weight polyethylene glycol. The primary emulsion is then added to a secondary liquid phase, forming the secondary emulsion. The solvent for the... 

Most physiological processes are the consequences of an effector interaction with biomacromolecules (Harding and Chowdhry, 2001 Weber, 1992), such as interactions between enzymes and their substrates, between hormones and hormone receptors, between antigens and antibodies, between inducer and DNA, and so on. In addition, there are macromolecule-macromolecule interactions such as between proteins (Kleanthous, 2000), between protein and nucleic acid (Saenger and Heinemann, 1989), and between protein and cell-surface saccharide. The effector of small molecular weight is normally referred to as the ligand, and the macromolecular combinant is known as the receptor. 

For the HPLC separation of low molecular weight organic compounds and various biomacromolecules, the near-equilibrium criterion has generally been assumed for the binding and desorption behaviour. Changes in thermodynamic parameters due to polypeptide- or protein-ligate interaction can thus be depicted in terms of the Gibbs-Helmholtz relationship, namely,... 

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