Molecular walker

Disulfides, imines, and metal coordination within a single system Interplay between three dynamic equilibria. Chem Eur J 13 9542-9546. (d) Imine and disulfide exchange has for instance been implemented in the design of a molecular walker Barrell MJ et al (2011) Light-driven transport of a molecular walker in either direction along a molecular track. Angew Chem Int Ed 50 285-290... 

We have seen that the so-called power stroke has no role in determining the thermodynamics of chemo-mechanical coupling by molecular motors. This irrelevance of the power stroke does not hold for optically driven motors as can be demonstrated experimentally [38—40]. Let us investigate this difference between chemically and optically driven motors in detail for a hypothetical molecular walker. 

Biological [41] and synthetic [42] molecular walkers can often be described in terms of a three-state mechanism shown that involves a mechanical transition L — R along with two energy-driven processes, E L and E R, in which one of the heads dissociates/binds to the molecular track as shown in Fig. 12. This mechanism can also be written as a triangle reaction ... 

Fig. 13 A simple model for a molecular walker in which attachment and detachment of a head is mediated by a reaction with rates /, and YEi< respectively, where i = L if the rear head attaches/ detaches, and i = R if the front head attaches/detaches. The conformational change L = R (power stroke ) shifts the position of the free head relative to the attached head...

Leigh DA, Lewandowska U, Lewandowski B, Wilson MR (2014) Synthetic molecular walkers. In Molecular machines and motors. Springer, Cham, pp 111-138... 

Recently, Sakurai et alj going along these lines, demonstrated that several successive vapor-induced collapse-decollapse cycles of single bmsh-like macromolecules resulted in lateral shifts of the macromolecules integrally on the substrate. On flat, stmaureless substrates (eg., mica or silicon), such lateral shifts were quite randomly oriented. According to the theoretical predictions, the following two next steps should be implemented in order to develop an artificial molecular walker. The first... 

Vl L, J R Walker and C R A Catlow 1984. A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study of the iperionic Conductor Lithium Nitride I. Journal of Physical Chemistry 17 6623-34. 

W. G. Richards, T. E. H. Walker, L. Farnell, P. R. Scott, Bibliography of ah initio Molecular Wave Eunctions Supplement for 1970-1973 Oxford, Oxford (1974). 

Nandi, S.P and Walker, P.L. Jr., Carbon molecular sieves from the concentration of oxygen from air. Fuel, 1975, 54, 169 178. 

Ryan, C.A., Bishop, P.D., Walker-Simmons, M., Brown, W. Graham, J. (1985). The role of pectic fragments of the plant cell wall in response to biological stresses. In Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plant Stress, ed. J.L. Key T. Kosuge, pp. 319-34. New York Alan R. Liss. 

Sawyer TK. Molecular, structural, and chemical biology in pharmaceutical research. In Walker JM, Rapley R, eds. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, 4th ed. London Humana Press, 2000 237-260. 

Walker, K., Schoendorf, A. and Croteau, R. (2000) Molecular cloning of a taxa-4(20),l l(12)-dien-5a-ol-0-acetyl transferase cDNA from Taxus and functional expression in Escherichia coli. Archives of Biochemistry... 

Walker, K., Fujisaki, S., Long, R. and Croteau, R. (2002) Molecular cloning and heterologous expression of the C-13 phenylpropanoid side chain-CoA acyltransferase that functions in Taxol biosynthesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99, 12715-12720. 

Bozas, S.E., Panaccio, M., Creaney, J., Dosen, M., Parsons, J.C., Vlasuk, G.V., Walker, I.D. and Spithill, T.W. (1995) Characterisation of a novel Kunitz-type molecule from the trematode Fasciola hepatica. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 74, 19-29. 

Duran, E., Walker, D.J., Johnson, K.R., Komuniecki, P.R and Komuniecki, R.W. (1998) Developmental and tissue-specific expression of 2-methyl branched-chain enoyl CoA reductase isoforms in the parasitic nematode, Ascaris suum. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 91, 307-318. 

Klingbeil, M.M., Walker, D.J., Huang, YJ. and Komuniecki, R. (1997) Altered phosphorylation/inactivation of a novel pyruvate dehydrogenase in adult Ascaris suum muscle. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 90, 323-326. 

Trim, N., Brooman, J.E., Holden-Dye, L. and Walker, R.J. (1998) The role of cAMP in the actions of the peptide AF3 in the parasitic nematodes Ascaris suum and Ascaridia galli. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 93, 263-271. 

Walker, P. D., and P. G. Mezey. 1993. Molecular Electron Density Lego Approach to Molecule Building, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115,12423-12430. 

Walker MH, Anderson DG (2004) Molecular basis of intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine J 4(6 Suppl) 158S-166S... 

Walker R, Ryan AJ (1971) Some molecular parameters influencing rate of reduction of azo compounds by intestinal microflora. Xenobiotica 4—5 483486... 

Borlakoglu, J.T., J.P.G. Wilkins, C.H. Walker, and R.R. Dils. 1990. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in fisheating seabirds. III. Molecular features and metabolic interpretations of PCB isomers and congeners in adipose tissues. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 97C 173-177. 

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