Molecular manufacturing

M. Edelstein, in M. Knimmenacker and J. Lewis, eds.. Prospects in Nanotechnology Toward Molecular Manufacturing ohii Wiley Sons, Inc., New York, 1995, pp. 67-91. 

Drexler, K. E. (1994). Molecular Manufacturing for the Environment. Preprints of Papers Presented at the 208th American Chemical Society National Meeting, August 21-25,1994, Washington, DC, 263-265. Center for Great Lakes Studies, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI Division of Environmental Chemistry, American Chemical Society. 

Institute for Molecular Manufacturing, Palo Alto, CA N anotechnologies... 

Nicolini, C (1996b), Molecular Manufacturing, EL.B.A. Eorum Series Vol. 2, Plenum Press, New York. 

A concept named molecular manufacturing, which was originally proposed by K. Eric Drexler [99] in 1992, has attracted the attention of some investigators [100, 118-121]. Molecular manufacturing is defined as the production of complex structures via non-biological mechanosynthesis (and subsequent assembly operations) [99]. A chemical synthesis controlled by mechanical systems operating on the atomic scale and performing direct positional selection of reaction sites by atomic-precision manipulation systems is known as mechanosynthesis. 

For the concept of molecular manufacturing to become successful, a systematic study of the fundamental theory of the molecular processes involved and the possible technological and product capabihties are needed [127]. 

Engines of Creation The Coming Era of Nanotechnology, which outlines the general principles involved in molecular manufacturing in terms laypeople can easily understand. Six years later, Drexler wrote a second book on molecular manufacturing, this one intended for the scientific community. In Nanosystems Molecular Machinery, Manufacturing, and Computation, Drexler discussed the fundamental physical and chemical issues involved in the development of nanoscale devices. 

By its inclusiveness of other time and length scales, the multiscale systems approach can address the modeling and design problems of nanotechnology, molecular nanotechnology and molecular manufacturing. 

The multiscale systems approach is directly applicable to problems in nanotechnology, molecular nanotechnology and molecular manufacturing. The key ideas have been illustrated with examples from two processes of importance to the semiconductor industry the electrodeposition of copper to form on-chip interconnects and junction formation in metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors. 

Military applications of molecular manufacturing have even greater potential than nuclear weapons to radically change the balance of power. 

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