Modified black powder

M.B. Powder (Modified Black Powder). Consisted of BkPdr in which part of the K nitrate was replaced by K perchlorate. The finely pulverized ingredients were preliminarily mixed, as in the prepn of BkPdr, and then incorporated together in a steam jacketed pan. The last operation was dangerous and some fires occurred, which were ascribed to friction in the hot, dry caked material. A similar expl was called Roslin Giant Powder Ref Marshall 1,385 (1917)... 

Black powder substitutes Modified black powder formulations such as, but not limited to, Pyrodex, Black Canyon, Golden Powder, Triple 7, Clean Shot, and Clear Shot. 

Barnwell Roliason(no initials given) patented in 1860, in England, modified black powders in which part of the charcoal was substituted with NC. Such powders could be prepd by mixing K nitrate, sulfur charcoal with soln of collodion cotton in ether alcohol and then evapg the solvent... 

For the manufacture of Roman candles, gunpowder and stars and a modified black powder mixture which is known as Roman candle composition, or candle comp, are necessary. The candle comp is made from ... 

Commercial explosives were very attractive, especially in coal mining. Black powder was mainly used in coal mining however, many disastrous explosions occurred. The attempts to modify black powder by mixing it with cooling agents such as ammonium sulfate or paraffin were not very successful. 

Douillet reports experiments with modified black powders of high sulfur (25%) and charcoal (20%) content, the latter declared to be best when high in volatiles. The advantages of this mixtures are claimed to be burning at lowest pressures at a rate governed by the often cited formula... 

This reaction can thus be kept at a brisk pace without excessive heat output. The SO2 candle or canister, at one time considered in a certain tactical biological application, could be used as a quick-acting fungicide, disinfectant, or animal repellent. Small cardboard cartridges for insertion in the runs of moles or gophers also contain mixtures with sulfur, perhaps similar to those recommended by Tzzo for destruction of wasp nests by means of a modified black powder (58 parts potassium nitrate. 10 parts sulfur, 32 parts charcoal) that combines an incendiary and a repellent effect by its emission of noxious gas. 

Most commonly encountered are low explosives or propellants that must be confined, as in a pipe, to be effective. Among inorganic propellant types is black gun powder or a commercially modified black powder, Pyrodex. Organic propellants are primarily... 

A batch of black powder, modified by addition of potassium chlorate, was being mixed mechanically with added water. A friction-sensitive crust appears to have formed, leading to initiation of the explosion which followed. 

Amorphous carbon comprises various combinations of carbon atoms. Charcoalis a typical amorphous form of carbon and is used as a major component of black powder and ballistic modifiers of rocket propellants. Charcoal contains a large number of tiny pores and the total surface area within the structure is approximately 1-3 m mg This surface area plays a significant role as a catalytic surface in various chemical reactions. It is well known that the burning rate of black powder is very fast because of the large surface area of the carbon structure. 

Pyrodex" is a patented pyrotechnic composition designed to fulfill many of the funetions of blaek powder. It eontains the three ingredients found in blaek powder plus binders and burning rate modifiers that make the material somewhat less sensitive and slower burning. A greater degree of confinement is required to obtain performance comparable to "normal" black powder [6]. 

The fulminate in detonators was first modified by mixing it with black powder, then with potassium nitrate, and later with... 

Augendre Powder, also called American Powder or White German Powder (Poudre blanche allemande or Teutonite, in Fr). The original mixt patented in France in 1849 contained KC103 48-50,K4FeCy6 25-29, sugar 23-25%. It was intended as a replacement for black powder as a propellant, but proved to be too sensitive for this purpose. If found use, however, in primer compns and percussion caps. The modified compn KCIO, 41.7, K FeCy 25.0, sulfur (or sugar) 20.8,... 

Table 3.24 The effect of thickness of copper rupture disk on deflagration of black powder using modified time/pressure test... 

The test set-up was modified slightly from the previous test in that the black powder was spread along a path one inch wide and 30 inches long with the electric match at one end and a cup... 

Moreover, polymers 6 and 8 were pyrolyzed in bulk. These pyrolysis experiments were performed in a slow stream of nitrogen and the samples were heated to 1000°C at a rate of 10°C min", remaining at this temperature for 30 minutes Both of the ceramic products were black powders and in X-ray powder diffraction studies they showed only broad peaks of low intensity, indicating the presence of mainly amorphous material To obtain crystalline materials, the ceramic products were heated slowly to 1400°C where they were held for 5 hours. The X-ray powder diffraction showed exclusively sharp peaks, characteristic of P-SiC, respectively. The increased ceramic yield obtained by pyrolysis of the metal modified carbosilane 8, as compared with the polycarbosilane 6, can be explained by an increased concentration of carbon as impurity, which was additionally evidenced by elemental analysis. 

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