Modification paper

Adsorbent Panicle Shape Modification," paper presented at the International Conference on Fundamentals of Adsorption, Klais, West Germany, May 6-11, 1983. 

Uses Nitrile latex with good binding tor adhesives, abrasion-resist, coatings, leather and textile finishes, nonwoven fabric and pigment bindings, resin modification, paper coatings, saturation Features Exhibits fast penetration... 

Rosin, Resin acids. Chemical modification. Paper sizing. Emulsion polymerization. Adhesive tack. Polymer chemistry and processing. Printing inks... 

Formaldehyde modification Paper size, printing inks... 

Kawahara, J. -I., Ishikawa, K., Uchimaru, T. and Takaya, H., 1997. Chemical cross- linking by glutaraldehyde between amino groups its mechanism and effects. Polymer Modification, [Papers presented at the Symposium on Polymer Modification], Orlando, Fla., Aug. 25-29, 1996, pp. 119-131. 

Martin, F.D. etal Gels for CO2 Profile Modification, paper SPE 17330 presented at the 1988 SPE/DOE Symposium on Enhanced Oil Recovery, Tulsa, April 17-20. 

This paper throws light on PLA properties, its weakness and cinrent methods of its modification. Paper also discusses the topic of nanostracture blending and its potential impact on the property enhancement of PLA based materials. 

Sing (see Ref. 207 and earlier papers) developed a modification of the de Boer r-plot idea. The latter rests on the observation of a characteristic isotherm (Section XVII-9), that is, on the conclusion that the adsorption isotherm is independent of the adsorbent in the multilayer region. Sing recognized that there were differences for different adsorbents, and used an appropriate standard isotherm for each system, the standard isotherm being for a nonporous adsorbent of composition similar to that of the porous one being studied. He then defined a quantity = n/nx)s where nx is the amount adsorbed by the nonporous reference material at the selected P/P. The values are used to correct pore radii for multilayer adsorption in much the same manner as with de Boer. Lecloux and Pirard [208] have discussed further the use of standard isotherms. 

The present paper is organized as follows In a first step, the derivation of QCMD and related models is reviewed in the framework of the semiclassical approach, 2. This approach, however, does not reveal the close connection between the QCMD and BO models. For establishing this connection, the BO model is shown to be the adiabatic limit of both, QD and QCMD, 3. Since the BO model is well-known to fail at energy level crossings, we have to discuss the influence of such crossings on QCMD-like models, too. This is done by the means of a relatively simple test system for a specific type of such a crossing where non-adiabatic excitations take place, 4. Here, all models so far discussed fail. Finally, we suggest a modification of the QCMD system to overcome this failure. 

This short paper describes a modification to the traditional Gran plot for determining the concentration of a weak acid in the presence of a strong acid. 

B. D. Bauman, "Scrap The Reuse Through Surface-Modification Technology," paper presented at International Symposium on Research and Depelopment for Improping Solid Waste Management, Cincinnati, Ohio, Eeb. 7, 1991. 

Additives. Because of their versatility, imparted via chemical modification, the appHcations of ethyleneimine encompass the entire additive sector. The addition of PEI to PVC plastisols increases the adhesion of the coatings by selective adsorption at the substrate surface (410). PEI derivatives are also used as adhesion promoters in paper coating (411). The adducts formed from fatty alcohol epoxides and PEI are used as dispersants and emulsifiers (412). They are able to control the viscosity of dispersions, and thus faciHtate transport in pipe systems (413). Eatty acid derivatives of PEI are even able to control the viscosity of pigment dispersions (414). The high nitrogen content of PEIs has a flame-retardant effect. This property is used, in combination with phosphoms compounds, for providing wood panels (415), ceUulose (416), or polymer blends (417,418) with a flame-retardant finish. 

Research Trends. Research since the late 1970s appears to have centered on further process modifications and optimization of conventional processes, reduction in pollution, evaluation of potentially more efficient processing technology, increased use of less expensive softwood sources to extend the available hardwood suppHes, and accommodation of recycled newspaper pulp (see Recycling, paper). 

Surface Sizing. Surface sizing is generally used for modification of other properties of paper or paperboard such as printabiHty, smoothness, porosity, coefficient of friction, opacity, surface strength, anti-linting or coating holdout. Anionic starch is perhaps the most common additive or co-additive used for surface sizing. 

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