Mixers application

Veenstra, T. T., Lammerink, T. S. J., van den Berg, A., Elwenspoek, M. C., Characterization method for a new diffusion mixer applicable in micro flow injection analysis systems, in Proceedings of the Micromechanics Europe (MNE)... 

Kakuta, M., Hinsman, P., Manz, A., Lendl, B., Time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectrometry using a microfabricated continuous flow mixer application to protein conformation study using the example of ubiquitin, Lab Chip 2003, 3, 82-85. 

Fig. 7.43 The evolution of concentration distribution after 4, 10, and 20 elements with alternately left and right twisting plates at 140°. [Reprinted by permission from O. S. Galaktionov, P. D. Anderson, G. W. M. Peters, and H. E. H. Meijer, Morphology Development in Kenics Static Mixers (Application of the Extended Mapping Method), Can. J. Chem. Eng., 80, 604-613 (2002).]...

Potential routes of exposure to molinate include inhalation (for mixers, applicators, field workers, and residents of rice-growing regions), dermal (for mixers, applicators, field workers, and anyone exposed to drift of spray droplets or residues on plants), and dietary (from drinking water sources contaminated with molinate and from residues on rice and rice products). 

The toxicology evaluation can also be subdivided into two major areas - l) the data pertaining to safety of food residues, and 2) the data pertaining to occupational exposure (e.g. by formulators, mixer applicator, etc.) and bystander exposure. 

Table X Exposure of Mixer-Applicators to Mancozeb and Homeyard ETU During the Application of in Ohio Mancozeb to a ...

MIXER-APPLICATORS ug/cm Body Area Ug/hr Body wt/day Ug/cm Body Area log/hr Body wt/day... 

T. T. Veenstra, Characterization Method for a New Difiusion Mixer Applicable in Micro Flow Injection Analysis Systems. J. Micromedi. Microeng., 1999, 9, 199-202. 

Liquid-liquid mixing is common for chemical preparation in various pulp and paper processes. The dilution and makeup of bleaching solutions is done routinely using stirred vessels or static mixers. Applications of this type are discussed in other chapters. 

Because electric motors are used for an enormous range of applications and manufactured to many unique specifications. The full range of motor features cannot be covered in this book. The features most common for industrial mixer applications will be emphasized. 

Other types of motors that may be encountered in mixer applications are gear motors, pony motors, and brake motors. Gear motors are composed of an electric motor with an attached gear reducer. Spur, helical, or worm gears can be used in single or multiple reductions to achieve a wide range of output speeds. Motor power, output speed, and output torque are all essential design variables. 

Duty. All motors used for mixer applications should be rated for continuous duty, since even batch runs may take more than the anticipated time should problems develop. 

Except for some portable mixers, high-shear mixers, and a few special mixers, most mixers operate below standard motor speeds. Typical motor speeds of 1800 or 1200 rpm (30 or 20 rps) are reduced to between 350 and 30 rpm (5.8 and 0.5 rps) for most mixer applications. Portable and side-entering mixers usually operate near the upper portion of this speed range from 420 to 170 rpm (7 to 2.8 rps). Turbine mixers operate in the middle range, from 125 to 37 rpm (2.1 to 0.6 rps), and high viscosity mixers operate from 45 to 20 rpm (0.75 to 0.33 rps) and slower. 

Most gear reducers for mixer applications are enclosed to prevent Ihe same potential contamination problems as those mentioned for motors. Also, open gearing poses safety hazards for operators. For the speed ranges required in mixers, one, two, or three gear reductions may be needed. Each reduction results in a successively lower speed. All of the reductions can be inside the same housing, or one reduction can be attached to the motor, with the other reduction or reductions inside the reducer housing. 

Large bearings on the output shaft are also necessary to handle the loads transmitted by the mixer shaft. Output shaft bearings must handle radial loads caused by bending loads on the mixer shaft and axial loads. The bearings supporting the mixer shaft must handle loads that depend on the mixer application. 

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