Miscellaneous glycol ethers

Synthetic ethanol has the following uses as a chemical intermediate (for ethyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, glycol ethers, ethylamines, etc.), 30 percent in toiletries and cosmetics, 20 percent as a coatings solvent, 15 percent as a raw material for vinegar, 10 percent in household cleaners, 7 percent in detergents, 5 percent in pharmaceuticals, 5 percent in printing inks, 3 percent and in miscellaneous uses, 5 percent. 

In 2005, about 650 million liters (170 million gallons) of ethyl alcohol were produced by the phosphoric acid method. Of that amount, 60 percent was used for industrial solvents in the manufacture of toiletries and cosmetics, coatings and inks, detergents and household cleaners, pharmaceuticals, and other products. The remaining 40 percent was used in the preparation of other chemical compounds, including ethyl acrylate, vinegar, ethylamines, ethyl acetate, glycol ethers, and miscellaneous materials. 

Oxygenated solvents Hydrocarbon solvents Hal( enated solvents Miscellaneous solvents Alcohols, ketones, esters, and glycol ethers Ahphatics and aromatics Methylene chloride, perchloroethylene, and trichloroethylene Nitrqien[Pg.179]

This comprehensive reference book examines the physical and chemical properties, uses, and toxicity of organic solvents in the chemical and related process industries. It will afford the chemist, chemical engineer, researchers, and other workers in the chemical and allied industries the opportunity to review all the important chemical and physical properties of industrial solvents. The current environmental impact of recommended safe handling procedures and chemical reactivity solvents are also presented. The solvents are classified according to their chemical structure and include aldehydes, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers, halogenated hydrocarbons, ketones, nitroparaffins, and monohydric and polyhydric alcohols. Also covered are acids, aliphatic and heterocyclic amines, esters, glycol ethers, and several miscellaneous solvents. 

Miscellaneous Resins. Much less important than the melamine—formaldehyde and urea—formaldehyde resins are the methylo1 carbamates. They are urea derivatives since they are made from urea and an alcohol (R can vary from methyl to a monoalkyl ether of ethylene glycol). 

Uses. Approximately 70% of the U.S. production is used to make poly(tetramethylene ether glycol) [25190-06-1] (PTMEG), also known as poly-THE, which is used in the production of urethane elastomers, polyurethane fibers (ether-based spandex), and copolyester—ether elastomers. PTMEG is also the fastest growing use (see PoLYETPiERS, TETRAHYDROFURAn). The remaining production is used as a solvent for the manufacture of poly(vinyl chloride) cements and coating, precision magnetic tape, a reaction solvent in the production of pharmaceuticals, and other miscellaneous uses. 

Solvents account for 8% of methanol demand and include process uses such as extracting, washing, drying and crystallizing. Miscellaneous uses of methanol include the production of glycol methyl ethers, methyl acrylate and methyl acetate. Other uses include antifreeze, gasoline deicer, windshield washer fluid and hydrate inhibition in natural gas. 

To choose proper test substances, McReynolds studied the behavior of a large number of substances of the following compound classes alcohols, glycols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, acetals, ethers, oxides, hydrocarbons, chloro compounds, difunctional and polyfunctional compounds, and other miscellaneous substances. " For the stationary phase classification, he eventually proposed benzene, n-butanol, 2-pentanone, 1-nitropropane, and pyridine to represent compounds of different chemical interactions. " McReynolds characteristic phase constants for these five compounds describe the selectivity of the phase. 

Enthalpy of dilution of poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether in methanol Data extract from Landolt-Bornstein VIII/6D2 Polymers, Polymer Solutions, Physical Properties and their Relations I (Thermodynamic Properties PVT-data and miscellaneous properties of polymer solutions) ... 

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