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Mirex persistence

It is well established that important photochemical reactions are mediated by humic material in the aquatic environment (Zepp et al. 1981a,b), and that these are particularly signihcant for hydrophobic contaminants. Partial reductive dechlorination of the persistent insecticide mirex associated with... [Pg.12]

Mlrex. Mirex does not leach into the soil profile and is predicted to volatilize only slowly. There Is no evidence for any rapid transformation so it should be considered persistent. Because It is so strongly adsorbed to the soil and stays on the surface, a major loss from terrestrial systems would probably be erosion and transport Into surface waters. [Pg.211]

Ritter L, Solomon KR (1995) A review of the persistent organic pollutants DDT, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, chlordane, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene, mirex, toxaphene, polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins and furans. In T.I.P.o.C.S. (IPCS) (ed) Geneve, Suisse... [Pg.162]

Temporal persistence of residues for 1 year after applications of mirex 4X formulation to bahia grass pastures... [Pg.28]

Table 21.5 Temporal Persistence of Residues for 1 Year after Applications of Mirex 4X Formulation to Bahia Grass Pastures (Values represent rounded percentages recovered of the original 4.2 g/ha applied.)... Table 21.5 Temporal Persistence of Residues for 1 Year after Applications of Mirex 4X Formulation to Bahia Grass Pastures (Values represent rounded percentages recovered of the original 4.2 g/ha applied.)...
Jones, A.S. and C.S. Hodges. 1974. Persistence of mirex and its effects on soil microorganisms. Jour. Agric. Food Chem. 22 435-439. [Pg.1155]

Mirex is a very persistent compound in the environment and is highly resistant to both chemical and biological degradation. The primary process for the degradation of mirex is photolysis in water or on soil surfaces photomirex is the major transformation product of photolysis. In soil or sediments, anaerobic biodegradation is also a major removal mechanism whereby mirex is slowly dechlorinated to the 10-monohydro derivative. Aerobic biodegradation on soil is a very slow and minor degradation process. Twelve years after the application of mirex to soil, 50% of the mirex and mirex-related compounds remained on the soil. Between 65--73% of the residues recovered were mirex and 3-6% were chlordecone, a transformation product (Carlson et al. 1976). [Pg.173]

Chlordecone is similar to mirex in structure and is also highly persistent in soils and sediments (halflife expected to be analogous to 10 years duration for mirex) because of its resistance to biodegradation, although some microbial metabolism of chlordecone has been reported (Lai and Saxena 1982 Ordorff and Colwell 1980). No evidence of microbial degradation was detected for chlordecone exposed to hydrosoils from a reservoir (not previously contaminated with chlordecone) and from Bailey Creek (contaminated with chlordecone) under either anaerobic or aerobic conditions for 56 days (Huckins et al. 1982). [Pg.186]

Gellert RJ. 1978. Kepone, mirex, dieldrin, and aldrin Estrogenic activity and the induction of persistent vaginal estrus and anovulation in rats following neonatal treatment. Environ Res 16 131-138. [Pg.256]

Grabowski CT. 1983a. Persistent cardiovascular problems in newborn rats prenatally exposed to subteratogenic doses of the pesticide, mirex. Dev Toxicol Environ Sci 11 (Dev Sci Pract Toxicol) 537-540. [Pg.257]

These two positions were in conflict in 2001 when representatives from 127 nations met in Stockholm to consider a universal ban on 12 TOCs, commonly known as the "dirty dozen." The dirty dozen includes aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, DDT, endrin, heptachlor, hexachlorobenzene, and Mirex. After extended discussion and debate, representatives adopted a final document now known as the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. The document was signed on May 22, 2001, and entered into force on May 17, 2004, at which point the required minimum of 50 nations had ratified the treaty. [Pg.118]

Environmental. The high lipophilicity of the cydodienes and the prolonged persistence of dieldrin and heptachlor epoxide (soil half-lives 2—10 yr) have resulted in severe environmental contamination. These compounds are bioaccumulated from water to fish up to 100,000- to 300,000-fold and are ubiquitous in human fat and milk. Oxychlordane [26880-48-8], mirex, and chlordecone are also bioaccumulative. The cydodienes are extremely toxic to fish with LC5Qs (ppm) to trout and bluegill of endrin, 0.001-0.002 endosulfan, 0.001-0.003 diddrin, 0.003-0.015 aldrin, 0.006-0.01 heptachlor, 0.03-0.026 and chlordane, 0.022—0.095. The LD5Qs to pheasant and mallard are aldrin 16.8 and 520, dieldrin 79 and 381, and endrin 1.6 and 5.6 mg/kg. As indicated by their rat oral LD - s, they are also extremdy toxic to small mammals in fact, endrin has been used as a rodenticide (see Pesticides). Compounds, eg, aldrin and heptachlor, which have unsubstituted double bonds, readily add oxygen to form epoxides in plant and animal tissues and are preferentially concentrated and stored in animal fats. Aldrin epoxide (dieldrin) and heptachlor epoxide are more stable (half-lives on alfalfa of seven to eight days) than aldrin and heptachlor (half-lives on alfalfa of less than one day). [Pg.278]

The Binational Toxics Strategy between the USA and Canada has identified 12 bioaccumulative substances (referred to as Level-1 substances) having significant persistency and toxicity to the Great Lakes system, with the goal of reducing the sources of these substances to achieve naturally occurring levels [23]. Six of the 12 Level-1 substances are OC pesticides aldrin/dieldrin, chlordane, DDT, HCB, mirex, and toxaphene. Several other OC pesticides, such as endrin, heptachlor/heptachlor epoxide, hexachloro-cyclohexanes, tetra- and penta-chlorobenzenes, and pentachlorophenol, have been identified as Level-2 substances. [Pg.158]

Evidence is similar for humans but limited, and includes male sterility, spontaneous abortions in human females, premature human fetuses, severe neurologic and CNS effects, blood dyscrasias, hepatotoxicity, accumulation of organohalogen pesticides in human lipid tissue—and, perhaps even more important, their presence in human breast milk, whence they can continue to exert influences on growth, development and hormonal, CNS and enzyme systems. Aldrin, dieldrin, chlordane, chlordecone (Kepone), heptachlor epoxide, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and Mirex are all excreted via breast milk in the human female. This is also true for the related PCBs and PBBs that resist biodecomposition and maintain persistent residence in mammalian tissues. For them, excretion via breast milk may constitute the main—if not sole—elimination route. [Pg.407]


See other pages where Mirex persistence is mentioned: [Pg.261]    [Pg.261]    [Pg.278]    [Pg.102]    [Pg.206]    [Pg.101]    [Pg.1134]    [Pg.1135]    [Pg.1140]    [Pg.1141]    [Pg.1144]    [Pg.1152]    [Pg.132]    [Pg.133]    [Pg.174]    [Pg.185]    [Pg.200]    [Pg.829]    [Pg.73]    [Pg.267]    [Pg.1134]    [Pg.1135]    [Pg.1140]    [Pg.1141]    [Pg.1144]    [Pg.1152]    [Pg.384]    [Pg.155]    [Pg.57]    [Pg.464]    [Pg.324]    [Pg.332]    [Pg.454]    [Pg.32]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.504 , Pg.509 , Pg.515 , Pg.516 ]




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