Minnesota River

The discharged effluent from an agricultural wastewater treatment lagoon enters the Minnesota River with some residual pollutant concentrations. When completely mixed into the river, these pollutants will meet concentration criteria put forward by the state agencies. There is, however, a region before the waste stream approaches a perfectly mixed condition, called a mixing zone, where the state criteria may not... 

Total metal concentrations in the Mississippi River are elevated somewhat over average river waters (Table IV), except for polluted areas. The elevated concentrations of copper, cadmium, and lead at Site 4 compared to Site 3 are in part attributable to the discharge of treated sewage effluent and urban runoff. The Minnesota River may be important for all metals studied with the exception of cadmium. Under low flow conditions, 10 to 50% of the trace metal load to the Mississippi... 

River downstream of the sewage discharge has been estimated to be attributable to the treatment plant (19). More recent data (28) suggest that 20 to 40% of the trace metal content at Site 4 results from sewage inputs under normal flow conditions, with the remaining amount contributed from upstream transport or from the Minnesota River. 

The general trend for spring is that the majority of metals are found in the lower molecular weight fractions and therefore can be considered to be soluble. Calcium was found for the most part in the lowest molecular weight fraction, whereas the major trace metals were found predominately in the 1-lOK fraction. ASV measurements for copper, cadmium, and lead showed no detectable free or labile metal. These results, combined with the molecular size distribution of metals in proportion to organics, indicate that metal speciation in the upper Mississippi and Minnesota Rivers is dominated by organometallic interactions. 

Figure 8. Sequential ultrafiltration of organic carbon and metals in spring 1978 (a) Site 1—Bemidji (b) Site 2—Royalton (c) Site 4—Inver Grove Heights (d) Site 5—Minnesota River...

Sites 3 and 4 represent a direct contrast to the transport phases at the background sites. Site 3 receives upstream flow and runoff from a portion of the urban Twin Cities area, while Site 4 is influenced additionally by urban runoff, treated sewage effluent, and tributary flow from the Minnesota River. 

Warren, G.K. (1874). An essay concerning important physical features exhibited in the Valley of the Minnesota River. Government Printing Office Washington DC. http //en.wikipedia.orgAviki/Gouvemeur K. WarrenP... 

Asiatic clams are freshwater moUusks. They probably origiaated ia China or eastern Asia and were iatroduced iato North America and Europe ia the past century. They were originally found ia warm water but their territory now extends to Minnesota. They have not yet been seen ia Canadian rivers or lakes. 

William Eugene Parham, Treasurer and member of the Board of Directors and of the Advisory Board of Organic Syntheses, died May 21, 1976 of a coronary occlusion near his summer home on Deer Lake, near Deer River, Minnesota, at the age of 53. Dr. Parham joined the Board of Editors on September 7, 1958 and served as Editor-in-Chief of Volume 44 of Organic Syntheses in 1964. He became a member of the Advisory Board and was elected to the Board of Directors in 1966, and served as Vice President from 1969 to 1974, at. which time he succeeded Richard S. Schreiber as Treasurer. As Treasurer, Dr. Parham was very effective in securing competent legal counsel for Organic Syntheses and in clarifying its foundation tax status with the Internal Revenue Service. 

Accurate measurements of hydrogen sulfide water levels are usually complicated by the presence of other sulfide compounds. A method of determining sulfide concentration in waste water by first transforming it to hydrogen sulfide and then measuring the atomic absorption of the product yielded results ranging from 3.1 to 5.1 ppm of sulfide sulfur (Parvinen and Lajunen 1994). Total sulfide levels in samples from the Mississippi River were about 0.92 ppm, while levels in pond and well water in St. Paul, Minnesota were 1.6 and 1.9 ppm, respectively (Slooff et al. 1991). 

Fish Upper Mississippi River (Minnesota-lowa), 1979 Common carp, Cyprinus carpio ... 

North Dakota and Minnesota, Red River of the North, 1994 Common carp ... 

Department of Psychology and Institute of Human Genetics Univ. of Minnesota Elliott Hall 75 E. River Rd. 

More recently, several authors studied the possible association between fish consumption and levels of PFCs in human blood [138], as well as the evaluation of the risk associated with fish consumption [73, 139]. In recognition of the potential for human exposure to PFCs via fish consumption, the Minnesota Department of Health has issued fish consumption advisories for contaminated sections of the Mississippi River (Minnesota Department of Health 2007). This advisory suggests that people limit their intake of fish to no more than one meal a week if PFOS levels in fillet exceed 38 ng/g. 

Background levels of CDD in air were measured in a semi-rural location in Elk River, Minnesota, located about 25 miles northwest of Minneapolis-St. Paul (Reed et al. 1990). No major industrial or commercial activity occurred in the area at the time of the study. Ambient air samples were collected in the winter and summer of 1988. 2,3,7,8-TCDD was not detected in any of the ambient air samples taken in the summer (detection limits for 2,3,7,8-TCDD ranged from 0.005 to 0.065 pg/m3 [0.0004-0.0046 ppq]). 

Reed LW, Hunt GT, Maisel BE, et al. 1990. Baseline assessment of PCDDs/PCDFs in the vicinity of the Elk River, Minnesota generating station. Chemosphere 21 159-171. 

In the Red River Valley area of Minnesota and North Dakota, storage sheds for sugar beets were constructed in the mid-1980s that measure 210 ft wide by 520 ft long and hold 50,000 tons of beets. The temperature in these storage facilities is controlled at not much above freezing to minimize degradation of the sucrose content. 

Rachel would migrate in June like the birds in spring and fall to Deer River, in northern Minnesota. There, probably as a result of their University of Illinois connections, they had a little cabin on (Big) Deer Lake at Interlaken Camp, so named because it is located between Big and Little Deer Lakes (Their cabin was near that of the late William E. Parham, Editor-in-Chief of Volume 44 of Organic Syntheses, and a member of the Board of Directors, Vice President and Treasurer of Organic Syntheses). 

Fig. 15. Variations in iron content of greenalite, minnesotaite, amphibole, pyroxene, and olivine in silicate rocks of the BIF and iron-rich shales (schists). Slightly metamorphosed BIF (Biwabik, Minnesota Gunflint, Ontario and Sokoman, Labrador Trough Brockman and Roper River, Australia) 1 = greenalite 2 = minnesotaite (Klein, 1974). Moderately and highly metamorphosed BIF i = Krivoy Rog district 4 = Mariupol district 5 = other districts of the Ukrainian shield (Mel nik, 1975) 6 = Tobacco Root Mountains, Montana (Immega and Klein, 1976).

Bonnichsen, B., 1969. Metamorphic pyroxenes and amphiboles in the Biwabik iron formation, Dunka River area. Minnesota. Miner. Soc. Am., Spec. Pap., 2 217-239. 

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