Generating stations

When heat-electric generating station turbine rotors are under operation there is a probability of forming surface cracks in axial canal and heat grooves. Evolution of the above defects can cause a serious crash. Therefore, in accordance with safety standards periodic inspection of the rotor component parts is required. 

Metal anodes using platinum and precious metal oxide coatings are also incorporated into a variety of designs of impressed current protection for pipeline and deep weU appHcations, as weU as for protection of condenser water boxes in power generating stations (see Pipelines Power generation). 

The 1990 Amendments to the U.S. Clean Air Act require a 50% reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions by the year 2000. Electric power stations are beheved to be the source of 70% of all sulfur dioxide emissions (see Power generation). As of the mid-1990s, no utiUties were recovering commercial quantities of elemental sulfur ia the United States. Two projects had been aimounced Tampa Electric Company s plan to recover 75,000—90,000 metric tons of sulfuric acid (25,000—30,000 metric tons sulfur equivalent) aimuaHy at its power plant ia Polk County, Elorida, and a full-scale sulfur recovery system to be iastaHed at PSl Energy s Wabash River generating station ia Terre Haute, Indiana. Completed ia 1995, the Terre Haute plant should recover about 14,000 t/yr of elemental sulfur. 

Fig. 1. The energy cycle of a thermal electric generating station having two alternative cooling systems (—) the open-circuit or once-through system and (-------------------------------------) a representative closed-cycle, cooling-tower system. Reproduced by permission (3).

Coal pipelines have been built in countries such as France (8.8 km), and Russia (61 km), and pipelines are also used for transporting limestone, copper concentrates, magnetite, and gHsonite in other parts of the world. The first coal pipeline, built in Ohio, led to freight rate reductions. The pipeline stopped operation after introduction of the unit train, used exclusively to transport coal from the mine to an electric power generation station. 

Safety Standards (enclosures) for construction and guide for selection, installation and use of rotating machines Sound level prediction for insulated rotating electrical machines Energy management guide for selection and use of three phase motors Polyphase induction motors for power generating stations... 

To control, regulate and protect the conversion, when necessary, from one voltage to another, in a generating station or a switchyard for the purpose of further transmission or distribution of power. 

When the installation demands a high degree of security, such as in a generating station. 

Switchgear and controlgear assemblies 13/353 Table 13.8 Typical parameters of a power generating station and Its likely fault levels... 

We also provide a brief reference to a protective scheme, usually adopted in a large power-generating station as in Section 16.8.2. 

Recommended practices for seismic qualification of electrical equipment of the safety system for nuclear generating stations ... 

Recommended practices for seismic gualitlcation of class IE equipment for nuclear power generating stations (NPGS) For qualifying class IE motor control centres for nuclear power generating stations (NPGS)... 

Bressani, M., Bobig, P. and Secco, M., A support experimental program for the qualification of safely-related medium-voltage induction motors for nuclear power generating stations. Presented at the International Conference on the Evolution and Modem Aspects of Induction Machines Torino, July (1986). 

Figure 16.14 A typical protection scheme in a large generating station...

The severity of the transient conditions can be established on the basis of past experience or data collected from similar installations. However, for large and more critical installations, such as a generating station or a large switchyard, it is advisable to carry out transient network analysis (TNA) or electromagnetic transient programme analysis (EMTP) with the aid of computers. For more details refer Gibbs et al. (1989) in Chapter 17. Where this is not necessary, the system may be analysed... 

Grounding practices in a power generating station 22/704 Tolerable potential difference at a location 22/704... 

Generating station Receiving station 1st distribution Main receiving and distribution station... 

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