Mineralized iodine waters

Iodine uptake by drinking mineralized iodine waters and complex treatment applications... 

Stronger mineralized iodine waters are used in spas for drinking treatments, almost always with other applications such as baths, inhalations and packs. The duration of such treatments varies from 2 to 3 weeks. The medically prescribed solution is drunk once or twice per day. 

Drinking treatment with high-mineralized iodine waters (Tassilo spring Bad Hall)... 

Next, drops of bromine water, chlorine water and iodine water were mixed in samples of mineral oil and the color of the oil and evidence of a reaction were recorded in the Table 2 below. Also tested was the halide ion mixed with mineral oil. 

Table 36.1 Chemical analyses of high- and low-mineralized iodine-containing mineral waters ...

Figure 36.1 Iodine supply by treatment with higher-mineralized iodine-containing waters. Iodine excretion at the beginning and at the end of a 21 days health resort treatment with administration of diluted Tassilo mineral spring water Tassilo light (left pair of columns) and a control group without prescription of iodine (right pair of columns). Iodine concentration in the morning urine was determined with the Sandell-Kolthoff method, modified by Wawschinek et ai, (1985) in the hospital of Barmherzigen Bruder. Permission of G. Thieme Verlag to use the illustration from previous source. Klieber and Winkler, (2006).

Table 36.2 Iodine supply by daily drinking of low- and high-mineralized iodine-containing mineral waters compared with the main iodine sources in our food...

Low-mineralized iodine mineral water (containing 120pg iodine/l)... 

Methylene iodide [75-11-6], CH2I2, also known as diio dome thane, mol wt 267.87, 94.76% I, mp 6.0°C, and bp 181°C, is a very heavy colorless Hquid. It has a density of 3.325 g/mL at 20°C and a refractive index of 1.7538 at 4°C. It darkens in contact with air, moisture, and light. Its solubiHty in water is 1.42 g/100 g H2O at 20°C it is soluble in alcohol, chloroform, ben2ene, and ether. Methylene iodide is prepared by reaction of sodium arsenite and iodoform with sodium hydroxide reaction of iodine, sodium ethoxide, and hydroiodic acid on iodoform the oxidation of iodoacetic acid with potassium persulfate and by reaction of potassium iodide and methylene chloride (124,125). Diiodoform is used for determining the density and refractive index of minerals. It is also used as a starting material in the manufacture of x-ray contrast media and other synthetic pharmaceuticals (qv). 

Because of their reactivity, the halogens do not occur in the free elemental state but they are both widespread and abundant in the form of their ions, X. Iodine also occurs as iodate (see below). In addition to large halide mineral deposits, particularly of NaCl and KCl, there are vast quantities of chloride and bromide in ocean waters and brines. 

There are many natural sources of chlorine compounds, which is not surprising considering that it is the 20th most abundant element. Salt and salt water are widely available the Great Salt Lake contains 23% salt, and the Dead Sea contains about 30%. Because salt is so abundant, most minerals that contain chlorine are not important sources for economic reasons. Bromine is found in some salt brines and in the sea, as are some iodine compounds. 

As the human body is able to store many minerals, deviations from the daily ration are balanced out over a given period of time. Minerals stored in the body include water, which is distributed throughout the whole body calcium, stored in the form of apatite in the bones (see p. 340) iodine, stored as thyroglobulin in the thyroid and iron, stored in the form of ferritin and hemosiderin in the bone marrow, spleen, and liver (see p. 286). The storage site for many trace elements is the liver. In many cases, the metabolism of minerals is regulated by hormones—for example, the uptake and excretion of H2O, Na, ... 

Angelinas experiments were made in 1822 and were believed by Hermann Kopp to constitute the first discovery of iodine in a mineral water (129, 135). Apothecary Kruger found it soon afterward in the mother liquor of the saline springs of Siilzer in Mecklenburgh-Schwerin (134). J. N. Fuchs detected it in 1823 in the rock salt of Hall in the Tyrol, which had been used medicinally since the ninth century A.D. (105, 129, 134). 

I have been able to extract considerable quantities of bromine from the mother liquors of the soda kelp which serves for the extraction of the iodine. Finally, it has seemed to me that the product of the evaporation of a mineral water from the eastern Pyrenees, which was strongly saline, became yellow in contact with chlorine. If the bromine actually existed in a water of this kind, one might hope to encounter it in the salt springs properly so called, and especially in the mother liquor of the rock salt. I have lacked material to verify it All this makes it very likely that bromine will be found in a large number of marine productions or those of submarine origin (28). 

Mineral Jelly (Ref l),Evaporate most of the ether from the extract on a water bath. Remove the remainder with a stream of air. Dry the residue in an oven at 60° C for 1 hour. Then add 20 ml of 80% methyl alcohol (by volume) and heat to gentle boiling on a water bath. Decant the hot solvent thru a small funnel fitted with a 7 cm No 41 Whatman filter paper and collect the filtrate in an iodine flask. Retain as much mineral jelly in the extraction flask as possible. Repeat the extraction twice, using 10 ml of 80% methyl alcohol making 40 ml in all. Finally wash the filter paper six times with hot 80% methyl alcohol... 

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