Microorganisms isolation

Wild type Strain of microorganism isolated from nature. The usual or native form of a gene or organism. 

Table I. Comparison of soil samples with regard to total number of microorganisms isolated and the percentage of total causing severe toxicity (growth rating < 2 or germination < 75% of controls) to cucumber (Cucu), barnyard grass (Bygr), and cress...

Table 3. Inhibitory activity of rifaximin on microorganisms isolated from periodontal pockets in patients with periodontal disease (from Mangiante et al. [70])... 

In a preliminary study [70], intrapocket administration of rifaximin in patients with periodontal disease was studied from both microbiological and clinical points of view. The activity of this antibiotic against the microorganisms isolated from periodontal pockets is shown in table 3. The high local concentration of rifaximin should likely exceed the observed MIC values. Indeed, its topical application was followed by a quick disappearance of anaerobic bacteria and a marked reduction of aerobic microorganisms. This was accompanied by a significant clinical improvement. 

Padmavathy S, Sandhya S, Swaminathan K (2003) Comparison of decolorization of reactive azo dyes by microorganisms isolated from various sources. J Env Sci 15 628-633... 

Ward, P.F.V. and N.S. Huskisson. 1969. The metabolism of fluoroacetate by plants. Biochem. Jour. 113 9P. Wong, D.H., W.E. Kirkpatrick, D.R. King, and J.E. Kinnear. 1992a. Defluorination of sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) by microorganisms isolated from western Australian soils. Soil Biol. Biochem. 24 833-838. Wong, D.H., W.E. Kirkpatrick, D.R. King, and J.E. Kinnear. 1992b. Environmental factors and microbial inoculum size, and their effect on biodefluorination of sodium monofluoroacetate (1080). Soil Biol. Biochem. 9 838-843. 

Production of biogenic amines on culture media by microorganism isolated from fisb products. 

Under continuous flow conditions involving feeding, aeration, settling, and reflux, a mixture of jD-chloronitrobenzene and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene was reduced 61-70% after 8-13 d by Arthrobacter simplex, a microorganism isolated from industrial waste. A similar experiment was conducted using two aeration columns. One column contained A. simplex, the other a mixture of A. simplex and microorganisms isolated from soil Streptomyces coelicolor, Fusarium sp., probably aquaeductum and Trichoderma viride). After 10 d, 89.5-91% of the nitro compounds was reduced. p-Chloronitrobenzene was reduced to 4-chloroaniline and six unidentified compounds (Bielaszczyk et al., 1967). 

Thirty-five microorganisms isolated from marine sediment and marine water samples taken from Hawaii and Houston, TX were capable of degrading p,p- DDT. jO,//-DDD was identified as the major metabolite. Minor transformation products included 2,2-bis(/t-chlorophenyl)-ethanol (DDOH), 2,2-bis(/t-chlorophenyl)ethane, and p,p-DDE (Path et al., 1972). 

Chacko et al. (1966) reported that cultures of six actinomycetes (Norcardia sp., Streptomyces albus, Streptomyces antibioticus, Streptomyces auerofaciens, Streptomyces cinnamoneus, Streptomyces viridochromogened and 8 fungi had no effect on the degradation of dieldrin. Matsumura et al. (1970) reported microorganisms isolated from soil and Lake Michigan water converted dieldrin to photodieldrin. 

Microorganisms isolated from a loamy sand soil degraded lindane and some of the metabolites identified were pentachlorobenzene, 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene, 1,2,3,5-tetrachlorobenzene, y-PCCH, y-TCCH and p-3,4,5,6-tetrachloro-l-cyclohexane (p-TCCH) (Tu, 1976). y-PCCH was also reported as a metabolite of lindane in an Ontario soil that was pretreated with jo,//-DDT, dieldrin, lindane, and heptachlor (Yule et ah, 1967). The reported half-life in soil is 266 d (Jury et al., 1987). 

Lee, A. EPTC (5-ethyl lV,lV-dipropylthiocarbamate)-degrading microorganisms isolated from a soil previously exposed to EPTC, Soil Biol Blochem., 16 529-531, 1984. 

Singh, A.K. and Seth, P.K. Degradation of malathion by microorganisms isolated from industrial effluents. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol, 43(l) 28-35, 1989. 

Oscarson DW, Huang PM, Liaw WK, Hammer UT (1983) Kinetics of oxidation of arsenite by various manganese dioxides. Soil Sci Soc Am J 47 644-648 Pang LP, Close M, Flintoft M (2005) Degradation and sorption of atrazine, hexazinone and pro-cymidone in coastal sand aquifer media. Pest Man Sci 61 133-143 Paris DF, Lewis DL (1976) Accumulation of metoxychlor by microorganisms isolated from aqueous systems. BuU Environ Contam Toxicol 13 443-450 Parr JF, Smith S (1976) Degradation of toxaphene in selected anaerobic soil environments. Soil Science 121 52-57... 

Among the few preparations showing activity in this assay, was the product of a microorganism isolated from soil by workers at The Kitasato Institute. 

Sixteen microorganisms isolated from soil exposed to the waste effluent from 1,3-DNB manufacture had the ability to effectively degrade 1,3-DNB in synthetic media and 1,3-DNB waste under aerobic conditions (Dey et al. 1986). The percentage degradation of 1,3-DNB ranged from 32% to 87% and from 35% to 92% under stationary and shake culture conditions respectively, in a synthetic medium. 

Maskey, R.P. et al., Flavones and new isoflavone derivatives from microorganisms isolation and structure elucidation, Zeitschrift fuer Naturforschung B, 58, 686, 2003. 

Unidentified microorganisms isolated from activated sludge [16,17] or ther-mophile microorganisms from hot springs [37] were also used successfully. A rather unusual BOD-sensor with thermally-killed cells of Bacillus subtilis was described by Qian and Tan [63,64]. The process of killing the bacteria was carried out by exposing the cell to a vacuum at 280°C for 2.5 min. 

After determination of the identity of the microorganisms isolated from the test the growth of this species or these species may be... 

Huysmans, K. D. Frankenberger, W.T. Jr, (1990). Arsenic resistant microorganisms isolated from agricultural drainage water and evaporation pond sediments. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 53, 159-68. 

Ruban, E. L., Lobyreva, L. B., Sviridenko, Y. Y., Marchenkova, A. I. and Umanskii, M. S. 1978. Lipolytic activity of microorganisms isolated from different sources. AppL Biochem. Microbiol. 14, 393-396. 

As an alternative to compendial microorganisms, isolates frequently encountered in the manufacturing environment may be used to challenge the medium. 

Most microorganisms isolated for their ability to degrade -triazines were obtained from soils with extensive exposure to -triazines. 

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