Micro-plasma oxidation

The anodic oxidation under spark discharge, known as the ANOF technique [14,15], is a relatively new and promising alternative for the synthesis of catalytic oxide layers on metallic supports [13,16,17] in which the drawbacks of classic anodic oxidation are eliminated. Plasma-electrochemical processes in which hard melting oxidic coating with a very good meehanieal and chemical resistance are deposited on a metallic substrate are also known in the literature as anodic spark deposition [17,18] or micro-arc oxidation [18]. 

Physical functionalization by the application of surface coatings, including APS (atmospheric plasma spraying), CVD (chemical vapor deposition), CGDS (cold gas dynamic spraying), PLD (pulsed laser deposition), MAO (micro-arc oxidation) or plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), sol-gel, and polyelectrolyte coatings and films. 

Antipyrine is oxidized through biotransformation, independently of perfusion, predominantly in the micro-somes, and is excreted after hydroxylation and conjugation. After oral administration (15 or 18 mg/kg BW, respectively), the metabolic clearance ability of the liver (metabolic capacity of the microsomal monooxygenase system) can be assessed by computation of the concentration curve and the plasma half-life (after 3 and 24 hours). The serum half-life and plasma clearance are significantly enhanced/decreased, depending on the reduction in liver function. There is a close correlation with the galactose elimination capacity as well as with Quick s value. (58-60, 74, 88)... 

An important point is that the micro- and nanopowders consisting of pyramidal crystallites (prepared by grinding silicon waste from semiconductor manufacturing) and single-crystal Si are identical in the temperature variation of the silicon oxide growth rate. At the same time, the nanopowders prepared via silane decomposition in an rf plasma and the micropowders consisting of spherical crystallites differ markedly in the temperature variation of the oxidation rate. The nanopowders are less sensitive to the oxidation temperature. 

However, we should mention the pioneering work of Chou and Phillips, where metallic iron and iron oxide particles were produced by injecting ferrocene into the afterglow region of a low-pressure, low-power, plasma, generated using a micro-wave power source [160]. This gas phase reaction was carried out as part of an attempt to explore the feasibility of using flow-type microwave plasmas for the production of metal nanoparticles. 

To summarize, electrons are able to provide significant sterilization effects even deep under the surface of a liquid. In water, plasma electrons become the lydrated electrons Caq and the superoxide O2 ion radicals (12-2), which are then converted into H2O2 (by dismutation (12-3)) and such extremely strong oxidants and as hydroxyl (OH) and peroxynitrate (OONO"). These oxidants are very effective in deactivation of micro-organisms. 

The effect of plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) treatment on the SCC of surface-modified magnesium alloys was studied [167]. PEO coating offered improved corrosion resistance. However, the barrier film did not improve the SCC resistance in ASTM D 1384 test solution. The SCC of PEO-coated specimens was attributed to the development of micro cracks in the coating, leading to substrate cracking under SSRT test conditions [167]. 

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