Micro funnels

Mikro-spatel, m. micro spatula, -stativ, n, micro stand, -tomschnitt, m. microtome section. -trichter, m. micro funnel, -verbren-nung,/. microcombustion, mikrovolumetrisch, a. microvolumetric. Mikro-wa(a)ge, /. microbalance, -welle, /. 

A) Benzenediazoniiim Sulfate (Solid). Place 1 ml of aniline in an eight-inch tube, and add 5 ml of ethanol (95 per cent) then very slowly add 1 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid. Rotate the tube and immerse it in cold water. Add drop by drop 1.5 ml of butyl or amyl nitrite at such a rate that the temperature is kept at 30-35°. Allow to stand for five minutes, and then immerse the tube in an ice bath. The crystals of the diazonium salt separate out. Filter the crystals with suction, using a micro funnel, and wash with a few milliliters of alcohol and then with 5 ml of ether. Dry with suction... 

Mikro-nutsche, /. micro suction filter, esp. micro Biichner funnel, -orgamsmen, m.pl. microorganisms. 

The importance of the linear arrangement of mixer/funnel/tubular reactor is shown when processing in a set-up with a curved flow element (0.3 m long bent Teflon tube of 0.3 mm inner diameter) in between the funnel and tubular reactor [78]. If a straight tube of equal dimensions as given above is used, plugging occius after 30 s. Hence even short curved flow passages are detrimental for micro-chan-nel-based amidation studies. 

Figure 8.2 Different apparatus used for steu distillation. A aodified Gaman steam distillation apparatus A, steam generation flask B, sample chamber C, splash head D, condenser B, delivery tube F, separatory funnel. B = micro steam distillation apparatus A, boiling flask B, collection bulb C, water return arm D, Condenser. C - steam distillation apparatus using a Dean and Stark type trap. D = Nielsen-Kryger steam distillation apparatus.

Filter the cold acetone rapidly into a glass-stoppered test tube by means of suction through a 2- or 3-ml. micro Buchner funnel, fitted with a fritted-glass plate of medium porosity. Wash the tube and funnel with 3 ml. of cold acetone and combine it with the filtrate. 

Eemove the funnel and seal the tube in a micro-flame but do not draw out too finely. Now heat the contents in a bath of concentrated sulphuric acid at 180° so that a homogeneous melt is produced. 

Cellulase-gamanase solution - add nine volumes of cellulase solution to one volume of the gamanase preparation and mix thoroughly. Filter through a Whatman GF/A glass micro-fibre filter circle held in a Hartley type three-piece funnel. 

The preparation was carried out in a dried 250 ml three-necked flask equipped with a nitrogen inlet, magnetic stirrer, reflux condenser, micro-dropping funnel and recording thermocouple. The reaction flask was immersed in a constant temperature bath (25°C) and 100 ml of the 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) were placed into the flask. When constant temperature was reached in the flask, one ml of a solution of a catalyst in acetonitrile was added dropwise to the reaction mixture and the resultant mixture was intensively mixed for 4 hours. The reaction product was analyzed by GPC and the conversion was determined by the dibutylamine method. 

The separation-layer micro mixer was mounted about 2 cm above a funnel-shaped glass element which was connected to a glass tubular reactor, not being cooled [53], The end of the tube was set about 2 cm above a glass beaker collecting the solutions. All experiments were made using the micro mixer and the mixer-tubular reactor set-up only. 

Small-scale field trials with fully stabilised micro-encapsulated formulations were carried out in Egypt during 1980 on two cotton pests - pink bollworm, Peotinophora gossypiella, and the Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis. Plots of 10 n x 10m were sprayed with the formulation and there were three replicates of each treatment. A plastic funnel trap (3) baited with synthetic pheromone was positioned at the centre of each plot. The effectiveness and persistence of communication disruption were measured by the reduction in catches of male moths in the traps in the treated plots relative to the catches in similar traps in untreated, control plots. 

For minute quantities of arsenic, it is convenient to use the apparatus depicted in Fig. 11.56. Mix a drop of the test solution with a few grains of zinc and a few drops of dilute sulphuric acid in the micro test-tube. Insert the funnel with a flat rim, and place a small piece of drop-reaction paper moistened with 20 per cent silver nitrate solution on the flat surface. A grey stain will be obtained. 

Micro KBr Equipment Perkin-Elmer KBr ultramicro-die, equipped with holder, pin, discs, funnel, and tamper for 1.5-mm pellets, and a press capable of exerting 500 pounds pressure. 

It is not feasible to add the 9-bromophenanthrene as an ether solution because of the limited solubility of the substance in this solvent. Since the melting point of the crude 9-bromophenanthrene is about 50° it is desirable to heat the melted material to 70° in order to prevent crystallization in the funnel. If the bromo compound begins to solidify in the funnel it may be melted again by careful heating with a micro burner. 

Funnels. The glass Bunsen fuimel which is used with the semimicro technic is 50 mm in diameter with a stem 60 mm long. The Bunsen funnel is easily and economically converted to a Buchner funnel by using a 20 mm porcelain disc as shown in Figure 2(6). The micro Buchner funnel has a diameter of 42 mm at the top, 8.5 mm diameter of perforated area, and stem of about 50 mm in length. The porcelain perforated disc is 20 mfn in diameter, has beveled edges, and fits inside the funnel at a depth of 30 mm from the rim. 

Semimicro separatory apparatus. The separatory tube (described on page 113) has been found more suitable and economical for students than micro separatory funnels. The separatory stopper, shown in Figure 2, can be constructed to flt any size test tube. TTius it is possible to separate two immiscible liquids having a total volume of 1-2 milliliters by using a three-inch tube, or 60 milliliters by using an eight-inch tube. 

B) Preparation of Quinoline (M.). The results are generally better by the macro method. Use five times the amount of reagents, and a 500-ml reaction flask. The condenser should be very efficient. Use same precautions given for the micro method in starting the reaction, and allow it to proceed without external application of heat for 15-20 minutes. Boil for four hours. Transfer the mixture to a two-liter Florence flask for steam distillation. Steam-distill until about 1500-1700 ml of distillate has been collected. Use three 60-ml portions of ether with a separatory funnel to extract the distillate, and for the remainder of the experiment proportionate amounts of reagents. After the final extraction and recovery of ether use a small flask for the final distillation. If a vacuum pump is available, use a small Claisen flask and distill under diminished pressure. Collect the fraction which boils at 116-122 at 20 mm pressure. 

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