Egyptian cotton leafworm

Small-scale field trials with fully stabilised micro-encapsulated formulations were carried out in Egypt during 1980 on two cotton pests - pink bollworm, Peotinophora gossypiella, and the Egyptian cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis. Plots of 10 n x 10m were sprayed with the formulation and there were three replicates of each treatment. A plastic funnel trap (3) baited with synthetic pheromone was positioned at the centre of each plot. The effectiveness and persistence of communication disruption were measured by the reduction in catches of male moths in the traps in the treated plots relative to the catches in similar traps in untreated, control plots. 

Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) Egyptian cotton leafworm larva FI, GR TD6TT07- 98-109... 

During an infestation by larvae of the Egyptian cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd) in the summer of 1978, it was noticed that shrubs of Physalis peruviana L. (cape gooseberry) were not attacked, whereas other Physalis and Nicandra spp. suffered heavy damage. Asher and co-workers demonstrated that withanolide E (118) and 4(3-hydroxywithanolide E (119), isolated from P. peruviana, as well as several related steroids, had insect antifeedant properties. Further studies on other withanolides showed antifeedant effects and species-specific activity on three insects, S. littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera), the Mexican bean beetle, Epilachna varivestis Muls. (Coleoptera) and the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) [62]. 

Stereoselective Wittig reaction. A stereoselective synthesis has been reported of the sex pheromone of the Egyptian cotton leafworm, (Z)-9,(E)-11-tetradecadien-l-yl acetate (3), by the Wittig reaction of (E)-2-pentenal (1) with (2) in dry dimethyl sulfoxide with dimsylsodium as base followed by deprotection and acetylation. The 9Z,11E- and 9E, 11 E-isomers were obtained in a... 

Orthosphenin (49), Fig. (16), the first example of an evoninol nucleus with an 0x0 group at C-8 and residual cassinic acid, was isolated from the hexane extract of the roots of Orthosphenia mexicana Standley and was found to have a lethal dosis (LD oo) of 0.01 p.g/cm2 against the fith-instar larvae of the Egyptian cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis [143]. 

With the exception of the corn earworm, fall armyworm, pink bollworm, and Egyptian cotton leafworm programs, these disruption tests were preliminary studies carried out on small plots without optimization of disruptant formulations and with little assessment of crop damage. 

Hall, D. R., P. S. Beevor, R. Lester, R. G. Poppi, and B. F. Nesbitt Synthesis of the major sex pheromone of the Egyptian cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). Chem. Ind. London 1975,216—217. 

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