Metrological investigations

A. A. Miehelson (Chicago) optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid. 

Albert Michelson developed the interferometer about 1880 and conducted the Michelson-Morley experiment in 1887, in which it was found that the speed of light is independent of the motion of the source and the observer, this crucial experiment led Einstein to the theory of relativity. Michelson also used the interferometer to create the predecessor of today s length standard based on the wavelength of light. He received the Nobel Prize in 1907 for precision optical instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid. ... 

Besides measurements of thermophysical properties, millisecond experiments are the tools of choice for metrological investigations. They have been used by NIST, USA INRiM, Italy NRLM, Japan and lately by HIT, China, for measurements dealing with radiance temperatures, radiometry, and total hemispherical emittance measurements [10,11]. 

The investigation leads to the elaboration of solid-phase spectrophotometric and test methods of different cationic surfactants determination in water. The detection limits of cationic surfactants with hydrocarbon radical length is 0.7 mg/dm, is 0.2 mg/dm, C is 0.009 mg/dm and is 0.003 mg/dm by using a 100 cm sample. Metrological performance of method was examined on the natural samples. Proposed method is highly sensitive, simple, rapid and guarantees ecological purity of analysis. 

Abstract The concept of total allowable error , investigated by Westgard and co-workers over a quarter of a century for use in laboratory medicine, comprises bias as well as random elements. Yet, to minimize diagnostic misclassifi-cations, it is necessary to have spatio-temporal comparability of results. This requires trueness obtained through metrological traceability based on a calibration hierarchy. Hereby, the result is associated with a final uncertainty of measurement purged of known... 

Therefore, the first area of investigation is to determine the compliance of an instrument performance with the technical specification of the manufacturer and the standard requirements within pattern approval tests. For this purpose, a metrological procedure is is-... 

A method performance study may also be used to evaluate the performance of a new analytical method or an automated form of an already existing method [1,19]. Under certain circumstances a method performance study may be called intercalibration study. This should only concern exercises where the calibration of methods is investigated e.g. studies on calibrants, calibrant solutions, calibration procedures etc. Such studies are more frequent in physical measurements for metrological purposes. 

But measurement uncertainty in practice has to be checked by investigating the actual repeatability leading to a Minimum weight M in in practical circumstances, as opposed to the metrological minimum capacity Min (see Sect. 29.1.5). 

Chiu, S.-Y., Wang, Y.-L., Liu, C.-P., et al., 2003. The application of electrochemical metrologies for investigating chemical mechanical polishing of Al with a Ti barrier layer. Mater. Chem. Phys. 82, 444-451. 

A comprehensive analysis of the literature pertaining to smface texture metrology for metal additive manufacturing has been performed (27). The review addresses specific areas of interest Industrial domain, additive manufacturing processes and materials, t es of surface investigated, surface measurement technology and surface texture characterization. 

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