Michelson, Albert

Meunier Annie, 469 Meyer Thomas J., 951 Mezey Paul G., 669 Mhin Byung Jin, 360 Michalak Artur, 714 Michalska Danuta, 650 Michelson Albert Abraham, 105, 111... 

Metropolis Nicolas Constantine 278, 312, 313,320, 323 Meunier Annie 397 Meyer Thomas J. 830 Meyer Wilfried 532 Mezey Paul G. 571 Mhin Byung Jin 300 Michalak Artur 611 Michalska Danuta 559 Michelson Albert 92,96,97,98,137,140 Michl Josef 220, 765 Miller John Robert 833 Miller Wilham H. 765, 784,790,833 Millie Phihp 398,400 Millikan Robert 7... 

Albert Michelson developed the interferometer about 1880 and conducted the Michelson-Morley experiment in 1887, in which it was found that the speed of light is independent of the motion of the source and the observer, this crucial experiment led Einstein to the theory of relativity. Michelson also used the interferometer to create the predecessor of today s length standard based on the wavelength of light. He received the Nobel Prize in 1907 for precision optical instruments and the spectroscopic and metrological investigations carried out with their aid. ... 

Albert Abraham Michelson (1852-1931). 92Edward Williams Morley (1838-1923). 

There was one additional shortcoming with Bohr s model. In 1891, Albert Ahraham Michelson discovered that the first Balmer line, called H , with a wavelength of 6,562 A, was not one bright line, but two lines with almost equal wavelengths, very close together. Their discovery was made possible by the highly refined optical method Michelson applied to his observation of the Balmer spectral lines. This doublet structure of the Balmer line could not be accounted for by Bohr s model. 

In 1887 two American scientists, physicist Albert Michelson and physical chemist Edward Morley, performed an experiment that was designed to detect the motion of Earth through a hypothetical medium known as the luminiferous ether, which was thought to be present throughout space. They made their measurements with a very sensitive optical instrument now called a Michelson interferometer. Their observations showed no indication of movement through the predicted ether. This outcome was unexpected and has become one of the fundamental experimental results in support of the theory of special relativity, developed by Albert Einstein in 1905. 

Michelson-Morley experiment An experiment, conducted in 1887 by the US physicists Albert Michelson (1852-1931) and Edward Motley (1838-1923), that attempted to measure the velocity of the earth through the ether. Using a modified Michelson interferometer (see illustration) they expected to observe a shift in the interference fringes formed when the instrument was rotated through 90°, showing that the speed of light measured in the direction of the earth s rota-... 

In 1881 the American physicist Albert Michelson and in 1887 with Edward Morley carried out some experiments showing that the speed of light is the same in the directions perpendicular and parallel to the Earth s orbit, i.e. the Earth s orbital velocity did not change the speed of light with respect to the Earth. The results were published in American Journal... 

Albert Michelson (1852-1931), American physicist, professor in Cleveland and Chicago, USA. He specialized in the precise measurements of the speed of light. 

The heart of an FT-IR spectrometer is the interferometer. Most FT-IR spectrometers use the Michelson interferometer, invented by Albert A. Michelson (1852-1931) in 1891, and for which he received the 1907 Nobel Prize in physics. 

Sin-ltiro Tomonaga, Julian Schwinger, 1907 Albert A. Michelson... 

Albert Abraham Michelson, 1852-1931, a German-American physicist, and Edward Morley 1838-1923, an American chemist, collaborated on these measurements in 1887 at Case Western Reserve University. 

There are a number of interferometer designs used by FTIR manufacturers. The oldest and perhaps the most common type of interferometer in use today is the Michelson interferometer. It is named after Albert Abraham Michelson (1852-1931) who first built his interferometer in the 1880s [1] and went on to win a Nobel Prize in Physics for the discoveries he made with it. The optical design of a Michelson interferometer is shown in Figure 2.2. Even if your FTIR does not have a Michelson interferometer in it, the following discussion will be relevant because the basics of interferometer operation are similar for all interferometer types. 

Dorothy Michelson Livingston, The Master of Light A Biography of Albert A. Michelson, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1973. 

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