Methanol aliphatic

Properties Light-tan, flaked solid. Mp 175C. Insoluble in water, methanol, aliphatic hydrocarbons soluble in acetone, benzene. Compatible with most fertilizers, herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides. 

Poly(vinyl acetate) Aromatic hydrocarbons. chlorinated hydrocarbons, ketones, methanol Aliphatic hydrocarbons... 

Properties Ground bulk form sol. in most alcohols, esters, ketones, aromatics, glycol ether acetates, glycol chlorinated hydrocarbons insol. in methanol, aliphatic hydrocarbons m.w. = 100,000 dens. 1.13 g/cm reduced vise. 30-35 cmVg (20 C) acid no. < 1 Storage Store cool and dry Rohagum P-24 [Rohm Am. Rohm GmbH]... 

Farkova, J. Wichterle, I. Isothermal vapor-liquid equihbtia in five methanol + aliphatic ether systems at temperatures from... 

Farkova, J. Wichterle, I. Isotherm vapor-Uquid equilibria in five methanol + aliphatic ether systems at temperatures from 310.15 to 335.15 K ELDATA Int. Electron. J. Phys.-Chem. Data 1995,1, 121-130... 

In discussing solution polymerizations of vinyl chloride we must recall that poly(vinyl chloride) is insoluble in its monomer as well as in many common solvents. Therefore we have to distinguish between true solution polymerizations, /.e., systems in which the monomer, the added solvent, and the polymer are truly in solution and pseudo-solution polymerizations, i,e, systems in which the monomer is in true solution but from which the polymer separates as a swollen phase. Among the true solvents are tetra-hydrofuran (THF) chlorobenzene 1,2-dichloroethane diethyl oxalate 2,4,6-trichloroheptane and many plasticizers. Examples of pseudo-solvents are methanol, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and cyclohexane [22]. 

Methanol, aliphatic hydrocarbons Methanol, aliphatic hydrocarbons Methanol, aliphatic... 

Non-solvents Methanol Aliphatic hydrocarbons Diethyl ether Petroleum ether Methanol Acetone Methanol Acetone ... 

This reaction is given by most aromatic aldehydes having the aldehyde group directly joined to the benzene ring it is also given by formaldehyde, with the formation of methanol and formic acid. Other aliphatic aldehydes do not give Cannizzaro s reaction under these conditions. 

In general the method is more satisfactory with esters of aromatic acids than with esters of aliphatic acids. Esters of alcohols other than methyl and ethyl are best treated by first converting them into methyl esters thus Heat together under reflux i ml. of the higher ester, 5 ml. of methanol and 0-2 g. of sodium methoxide. [In place of the sodium methoxide, it suffices to add o i g. of metallic sodium to the methanol.] After refluxing, distil off the excess of methanol (b.p, 65 ). The residue is then heated under reflux with benzylamine as described above. 

The reaction is applicable to the preparation of amines from amides of aliphatic aromatic, aryl-aliphatic and heterocyclic acids. A further example is given in Section IV,170 in connexion with the preparation of anthranilic acid from phthal-imide. It may be mentioned that for aliphatic monoamides containing more than eight carbon atoms aqueous alkaline hypohalite gives poor yields of the amines. Good results are obtained by treatment of the amide (C > 8) in methanol with sodium methoxide and bromine, followed by hydrolysis of the resulting N-alkyl methyl carbamate ... 

These compounds are highly soluble in water. AMP, AMPD, AEPD, and DMAMP are completely miscible in water at 20 °C the solubihty of AB is 250 g/100 mL H2O at 20°C. They are generally very soluble in alcohols, slightly soluble in aromatic hydrocarbons, and nearly insoluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons tris(hydroxymethy1)aminomethane [77-86-1] is appreciably soluble only in water (80 g/100 mL at 20°C) and methanol. 

Aliphatic Alcohols and Alkylene Glycols. Simple aliphatic alcohols, such as methanol [67-56-1], can be used to alkylate alkyleneamines. For example, piperazine reacts with methanol over a reductive amination catalyst to yield a mixture of 1-methyl- [109-01 -3J and 1,4-dimethylpiperazine [106-58-1] (12). 

The most versatile derivative from which the free base can be readily recovered is the picrate. This is very satisfactory for primary and secondary aliphatic amines and aromatic amines and is particularly so for heterocyclic bases. The amine, dissolv in water or alcohol, is treated with excess of a saturated solution of picric acid in water or alcohol, respectively, until separation of the picrate is complete. If separation does not occur, the solution is stirred vigorously and warmed for a few minutes, or diluted with a solvent in which the picrate is insoluble. Thus, a solution of the amine and picric acid in ethanol can be treated with petroleum ether to precipitate the picrate. Alternatively, the amine can be dissolved in alcohol and aqueous picric acid added. The picrate is filtered off, washed with water or ethanol and recrystallised from boiling water, ethanol, methanol, aqueous ethanol, methanol or chloroform. The solubility of picric acid in water and ethanol is 1.4 and 6.23 % respectively at 20°. 

In addition to its water solubility poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) is soluble in a very wide range of materials, including aliphatic halogenated hydrocarbons (methylene dichloride, chloroform), many monohydric and polyhdric alcohols (methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol), some ketones (acetyl acetone) and lactones (a-butyrolactone), lower aliphatic acids (glacial acetic acid) and the nitro-paraffins. The polymer is also compatible with a wide range of other synthetic polymers, with gums and with plasticisers. 

This has a very high resistance to impact damage, even at subzero temperatures. It has good creep strength in dry conditions up to 115°C but degrades by continuous exposures to water hotter than 65°C. It is resistant to aqueous solutions of acids, aliphatic hydrocarbons, paraffins, alcohols (except methanol), animal and vegetable fats and oils, but is attacked by alkalis, ammonia, aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons. 

For most cases, common fluoroacyl derivatives are sufficiently reactive and selective Thus conversion of perfluoroglutaric dichloride to a monomethyl ester by methanol proceeds smoothly under the appropriate reaction conditions [17] (equation 9) Perfluorosuccinic acid monoester fluoride, on the other hand, is prepared most conveniently from perfluorobutyrolacetone (equation 10) Owing to the strong acidity of a fluorinated carboxylic acids, Fischer esten-ficaiton with most aliphatic alcohols proceeds autocatalytically [79 20]... 

PSS SDV columns can be used for all applications requiring organic eluents. The exception to the rule is the exclusion of lower aliphatic alcohols (e.g. methanol) from the otherwise complete list (28). For fluorinated solvents such as TFE and HFIP, PSS recommends its specially designed PFG columns (cf. Section V1I,C), which have a much longer life in this kind of demanding eluents. Figures 9.13 through 9.19 show some unusual applications that illustrate the variety of solvents and the feasibility of the columns. 

It is interesting that the cyclization of the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone of the aliphatic analog, l,5-dimethylpentadione-3, can also be performed in alkaline conditions. Heating hydrazine in boiling methanol in the presence of sodium methoxide results in l-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-3-propynyl-5-methylpyrazole (84%) (74JOC843). 

In contrast to the aliphatic diazo compounds, which are invariably colored, all the diazirines so far prepared are colorless. The UV absorption of diazirines corresponds approximately to that of the aliphatic azo compounds. Diazirine shows in methanol an absorption maximum at 321 mja. The IR spectrum of the diazirines shows a band at ca. 1580 cm". ... 

Methyl alcohol (methanol) is the first member of the aliphatic alcohol family. It ranks among the top twenty organic chemicals consumed in the U.S. The current world demand for methanol is approximately 25.5 million tons/year (1998) and is expected to reach 30 million tons by the year 2002. The 1994 U.S. production was 10.8 billion pounds. 

There have been numerous studies on the kinetics of decomposition of A IRK. AIBMe and other dialkyldiazenes.46 Solvent effects on are small by conventional standards but, nonetheless, significant. Data for AIBMe is presented in Table 3.3. The data come from a variety of sources and can be seen to increase in the series where the solvent is aliphatic < ester (including MMA) < aromatic (including styrene) < alcohol. There is a factor of two difference between kA in methanol and k< in ethyl acetate. The value of kA for AIBN is also reported to be higher in aromatic than in hydrocarbon solvents and to increase with the dielectric constant of the medium.31 79 80 Tlic kA of AIBMe and AIBN show no direct correlation with solvent viscosity (see also 3.3.1.1.3), which is consistent with the reaction being irreversible (Le. no cage return). 

Following are some props of methyl nitrate-methanol mixts vel of deton ranging from 2400—4900 to 7500—8200m/sec, gas vol about 8732/kg, Qe 1640—1700kcal/kg, power and brisance — comparable to those of NG, sensitivity to shock — comparable to that of DNB, and toxicity — comparable to that of aliphatic... 

The ionization of (E)-diazo methyl ethers is catalyzed by the general acid mechanism, as shown by Broxton and Stray (1980, 1982) using acetic acid and six other aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids. The observation of general acid catalysis is evidence that proton transfer occurs in the rate-determining part of the reaction (Scheme 6-5). The Bronsted a value is 0.32, which indicates that in the transition state the proton is still closer to the carboxylic acid than to the oxygen atom of the methanol to be formed. If the benzene ring of the diazo ether (Ar in Scheme 6-5) contains a carboxy group in the 2-position, intramolecular acid catalysis is observed (Broxton and McLeish, 1983). 

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