Metallurgy applications

Deposition of a nickel layer hy fluidized bed CVD can improve sintering in powder metallurgy applications. The process can he used as a premixing step of the composite, for example on W particles. A similar technique can also he used to improve the wettabilty of ceramics like SiC hy the molten A1 during the fabrication of metal matrix composites. ... 

Carbon monoxide is used in industries as a feedstock for the production of methanol, acrylates, phosgene, and ethylene. It is also used in metallurgy applications and in industrial fuels. A major source of carbon monoxide is the incomplete combustion of carbon-containing materials. 

The primary objective of this chapter is to discuss the material characteristics with a focus on mechanical metallurgy applicable in reverse engineering to help readers accomplish these tasks. 

G. M. Ritcey and A. W. Ashbrook, S olvent Extraction Principles and Applications to Process Metallurgy, Part I, Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 1984. 

Nuclear Applications. Powder metallurgy is used in the fabrication of fuel elements as well as control, shielding, moderator, and other components of nuclear-power reactors (63) (see Nuclearreactors). The materials for fuel, moderator, and control parts of a reactor are thermodynamically unstable if heated to melting temperatures. These same materials are stable under P/M process conditions. It is possible, for example, to incorporate uranium or ceramic compounds in a metallic matrix, or to produce parts that are similar in the size and shape desired without effecting drastic changes in either the stmcture or surface conditions. OnlyHttle post-sintering treatment is necessary. 

F. V. Lenel, Powder Metallurgy—Principles and Applications, Metal Powder Industries Federation, Princeton, N.J., 1980. 

W. H. Lederer and R. J. Pensterheim, eds.. Arsenic Industrial, Biomedical, Environmental Perspectives, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., Inc., N.Y., 1983. R. Reddy, ed. Arsenic Metallurgy-Fundamental and Applications, The Metallurgical Society (AIME), Warrendale, Pa., 1988. 

Chemical Applications. Cesium metal is used in carbon dioxide purification as an adsorbent of impurities in ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy (qv) it can be used as a scavenger of gases and other impurities. 

John G. Stoecker II, B.S.M.E., University of Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy Principal Consultant, Stoecker Associates, St. Louis, Missouri Principal Materials Engineering Specialist (retired), Monsanto Co. High-Temperature Design/Application Engineer, Abex Corporation Member, NACE International, ASM International (Section 27, Energy Resources, Conversion, and Utilization)... 

Marine and hydraulic-oil coolers use these characteristics to enhance the coefficient of otheiwise poorly performing fluids. The higher metallurgies in marine applications like 90/10 Cu-Ni afford the higher cost of plate-fin design to be offset by the less amount of alloy material being used. On small hydrauhc coolers, these fins usually allow one to two size smaller coolers for the package and save sldd space and initial cost. 

D. T. Llewellyn, Steels - Metallurgy and Applications, 2nd edition, Butterworth-Heinemann, 1994. 

Interest in the application of turboexpanders turbine to FCC unit is very high, and deservedly so. The power recovery turboexpander offers practical improvement in FCC unit operating economics. Modern designs that encompass the entire system have fully overcome problems and concerns that may have existed decades ago. Expander metallurgy is available to vastly reduce erosion rates experienced when... 

The application of these generalizations to the extractive metallurgy of individual metals is illustrated at appropriate points in the text dealing with the chemistry of the various elements. 

Because of the magnitude of the task of preparing the material for this new edition in proper detail, it has been necessary to omit several important topics that were covered in the previous edition. Topics such as corrosion and metallurgy, cost estimating, and economics are now left to the more specialized works of several fine authors. The topic of static electricity, however, is treated in the chapter on process safety, and the topic of mechanical drivers, which includes electric motors, is covered in a separate chapter because many specific items of process equipment require some type of electrical or mechanical driver. Even though some topics cannot be covered here, the author hopes that the designer will find design techniques adaptable to 75 percent to 85-1- percent of required applications and problems. 

---