Metabonomics

ROBERTSON D G, REILY M D, SIGLER R E et al, (2000) Metabonomics Evaluation of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and pattern recognition technology for rapid in vivo screening of liver and kidney toxicants. Toxicol Sci. 57 326-37. 

Little is known about the molecular mechanisms and complexity converting psychosocial stress into cellular dysfunction in the brain, endocrine, and immune systems. How ordinary and sustained maladapted psychosocial stressors, chronic stress, and an unhealthy lifestyle activate and exert an influence on the biochemistry of the neuro-endocrine-immune axes with implications for future health or disease, is an upcoming innovative research field due to the new and emerging fields of proteomics, metabonomics, and biochip technologies. 

Description of LC-MS, including free articles. This site has subdivisions such as proteomics, metabonomics, 2D-electrophoresis, and sample preparation. 

Since 1980s, these various methods have evolved and have been refined so that they now provide highly sensitive measures for a range of metabolites. Because the goal of metabonomics is to measure as many metabolites as possible in an organism, various tools are often used in combination for the maximum coverage. 

Metabonomics has changed the way data are analyzed. Instead of the single biomarker concept, the goal is to simultaneously measure the entire range of plasma metabolites to see changes in the patterns of the biomarkers. This requires both analytical platforms that can assess the broad range of metabolites in an individual and the knowledge of metabolism that is necessary to interpret the analytical data. 

Nicholson, J.K., Connelly, J., Lindon, J.C., and Holmes, E., Metabonomics a platform for studying drug toxicity and gene function, Nat. Rev. Drug Discovery, 1,153,2002. 

Nicholson, J.K., Metabonomics, a generic platform for the investigation of drug toxicity, altered gene function and disease processes, Drug Discovery World, Summer, 23-28, 2004. 

Plumb, R. S. Granger, J. H. Stumpf, C. L. Johnson, K. A. Smith, B. W. et al. A rapid screening approach to metabonomics using UPLC and oa-TOF mass spectrometry application to age, gender and diurnal variation in normal/Zucker obese rats and black, white and nude mice. Analyst 2005, 130, 844-849. 

Metabonomics in the context of this chapter aims to define the status and changes of the endogenous metabolite profile in biofluids or tissues of animals or in in vitro systems in response to toxic insults. The most commonly applied... 

This is a reflection of the increasing knowledge of the complexity of in viva systems, and also the current powerful computational resources to capture, analyze, interpret and model those systems. In view of this complexity, not only the development of genomics, proteomics and metabonomics databases, but also the development of systems biology methods helps us to understand the underlying mechanisms in any given ADME process [80]. 

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