Merthiolate

Merthiolate/T4- )4-< 7 (3), sodium ethyLmercurithiosahcylate, known also as thimersol, is prepared from a 1 1 ratio of ethyhnercuric chloride/7(97-27-. and disodium thiosahcylate ia ethanol. After removal of the sodium chloride by filtration, the free acid is precipitated by acidification with dilute sulfuric acid. Purification is achieved by recrystallization from 95% ethanol, and the product, merthiolate, is obtained by neutralization with a stoichiometric amount of sodium hydroxide. 

Reactions. Thiosahcyhc acids reacts with ethyhnercuric chloride in alcohol and in the presence of sodium hydroxide to yield sodium ethyhnercurithiosahcylate [54-64-8] (thimerosal Merthiolate, Eh Lilly and Company) (63) (eq. 12). 

Sephacryl gels were preswelled in H20(dest) -I- 0.01% Merthiolate. The diluted and degassed gels were then packed at medium pressure assisted by a pump-sucking eluent with a flow rate of approx 0.4 ml/min. 

Merthiolate (Lilly) wfm Otopred (Typharm) wfm Lacrigel (Farmigea)-comb. Merzonin (Takeda) Merthiolate (Lilly) wfm... 

In the original report, the disinfectants (at the following percentages formalin, 0.12 phenol, 0.32 mercuric chloride, 0.0008 sodium hypochlorite, 0.005 and merthiolate, 0.0004) caused lysis of Escherichia coli, streptococci and staphylococci. 

J. Royhans, P. Walson, G. Wood, and W. MacDonald, Mercury toxicity following merthiolate ear irrigations, J. Pediatr., 104, 311 (1984). 

The fixative system generally used is a two-vial technique with one vial containing 5 to 10% buffered Formalin and the other vial containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fixative. A portion of the specimen is added to the fixative in a ratio of approximately 3 parts fixative to 1 part specimen and thoroughly mixed to ensure adequate fixation. An alternative to Formalin is Merthiolate-iodine-formaldehyde (MIF), which fixes and stains at the same time. If unfixed specimens are processed in the laboratory, fecal films may be prepared and immediately fixed in Schaudinn fixative. 

The preparation of the sample prior to its analysis will depend upon the nature of both the sample and the analytical method chosen and may involve the disruption of cells, homogenization and extraction procedures as well as the removal of protein or other interfering substances. It may be necessary to prevent the decomposition and degradation of the carbohydrate content during such treatments or during storage by the addition of antibacterial agents such as thymol or merthiolate, or substances such as fluoride ions, which will inhibit the enzymic transformation of the carbohydrates. 

Moller H. Merthiolate allergy a nationwide iatrogenic sensitization. Acta Derm Venereol (Stokh.) 1977 57 509-517. 

BSA improves the stability of the conjugate and minimizes loses as a result of adsorption and denaturation. NaN3 should not be used with peroxidase conjugates because it inhibits the enzyme. If an antimicrobial agent is required, 0.2% sodium merthiolate (thimerosal) should be used. 

The material was prepared by freeze drying pooled, urine samples obtained from healthy volunteers. Sodium merthiolate was used as preservative agent. 

Fig. 3.37 Sample of using the Prussian Blue (or Merthiolate) test to examine the quality of a joint.

Thimerosal (Merthiolate) has been used as a topical antiseptic for many years. Its antimicrobial effect is mostly due to the toxicity of the mercury atom that is bound and stabilized by the thiol group of ortho-mercaptobenzoic acid. The carboxylate salt of the acid is used to enhance solubility of this organomercurial compound. 

Novak M, Klezlova V. [Allergy to merthiolate (Thimerosalum) in a set of standard epicutaneous tests in patients with eczematous diseases and leg ulcer during three periods between 1979 and 1999.]Cesko-Slov Dermatol 2000 75 3-10. 

Taking these two criteria into account, four types of techniques can be distinguished. In all of them, it is advisable to add a suitable antiseptic, such as Merthiolate 0.02% or sodium azide 0.05 to 0.1%, to the reagents, and to what will be the gel without reagent (in double diffusion). 

Sample buffer (0.14 M NaCl, 10 mM phosphate, pH 7.0, 10 mg of phenol red per liter, 0.1% w/v gelatin, 0.02% Merthiolate or 25 mM sodium azide) in volume such that sample addition gives 0.5 ml Labeled ligand in sample buffer, 0.1 ml Sample in sample buffer, 0-0.5 ml... 

Other materials were human albumin fraction V (Sigma Chemical Company), Merthiolate (British Drug House), Sephadex LH-20 and Sephadex G-25 fine (AB Pharmacia, Sweden), Insta-Gel (Packard Instrument Company, U.S.A.), counting vials of polyethylene (Scintitec La-boratorieudstyr A/S, Denmark). 

Gelatin buffer was prepared from glass-distilled water containing phosphate buffer (10 mM, pH 7.0), sodium chloride (0.14 M), Merthiolate (0.01%), and gelatin (0.1%). Albumin buffer was prepared by addition of human albumin (0.1%) to gelatin buffer. 

Fig. 2. Gel filtration profile of I-labeled human prolactin, [ I]hPRL (VLS No. 3) io-dinated by the chloramine-T method and purified on a 1.5 x 30 cm Sephadex G-100 column, precoated with bovine serum albumin. Elution solvent was 10 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.5, containing 0.15 M NaCl and 1 10,000 Merthiolate. The labeled hormone was purified just prior to use. The talc-resin-trichloroacetic acid (TCA) test results showed that peak III material was suitable for use in radioimmunoassay (Tower et al. ).

Most freeze-dried pharmaceuticals—and, of course, all injectable products—need to be sterile. Until now, the usual rule to achieve that goal has been to start with a sterile solution and, from there on, to carry out an entirely sterile process. Indeed, the time is over when the manufacturers could add a 1/10,000 merthiolate to get rid of an accidental contamination. Today all freeze-dryers have their cabinets opening within a sterile room while the machinery is sitting behind the wall in the engine room. Moreover, the drying chambers are all equipped with clean-in-place (CIP) systems and can be sterilized by pressure steam before each operation. Finally, those products that are prepared in vials are sealed directly within the chamber thanks to moving pressure plates that drive the stoppers tight into the neck of the vials. 

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