Containing phosphate buffer

When the electrode is placed in an aqueous solution of glucose which has been suitably diluted with a phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.3), solution passes through the outer membrane into the enzyme where hydroxen peroxide is produced. Hydrogen peroxide can diffuse through the inner membrane which, however, is impermeable to other components of the solution. The electrode vessel contains phosphate buffer, a platinum wire and a silver wire which act as electrodes. A potential of 0.7 volts is applied to the electrodes (the apparatus shown in Fig. 16.17 is suitable) with the platinum wire as anode. At this electrode the reaction H202->02 + 2H+ +2e takes place, and the oxygen produced is reduced at the silver cathode ... 

Neorecormon (tradename, also known as epoetin beta) is a recombinant human EPO first approved for medical use in the EU in 1997. It is indicated for the treatment of anaemia associated with various medical conditions, most commonly chronic renal failure and cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Neorecormon is produced by recombinant DNA technology in a CHO cell line and is manufactured as outlined in Figure 10.5. It is presented in lyophilized format at various strengths (500-10 000 IU/vial) and contains phosphate buffer, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, urea, polysorbate and various amino acids as excipients. 

Measurements were realized in an ODS (250 x 4.6 mm i.d.) and in an octylsilica column (150 x 4.6 mm i. d.) at 29°C. Particle size of both stationary phases was 5 /jm. Various mixtures of water-methanol and water-ACN were used as mobile phases containing phosphate buffers of different pH. Flow rate and detection wavelength also depended on the chemical character of the analytes. Chromatographic profiles illustrating the effect of electrochemical treatment on the dyes are depicted in Fig. 3.87. 

Fig. 16.34 Mineralization of [ C] toluene to (A) coupled to the reduction of AQDS or humus (B) by enriched Amsterdam petroleum harbor (APH) (A and B) sediments in anaerobic culture bottles containing phosphate-buffered basal medium supplemented with AQDS (5 mM) or with highly purified soil humic acids (12g/L). Uniformly C-labeled toluene was added at an initial concentration of 100p,M relative to the liquid volume. Unsupplemented controls were prepared in the same manner but without AQDS and humus. All data were corrected relative to the endogenous control (without C-labeled toluene addition). Data are means and standard deviations for triplicate incubations in each treatment d denotes days. (Cervantes et al. 2001). Reprinted with permission. Copyright American Society for Microbiology...

Latest results on secondary effects of rinsing solutions containing phosphate buffer in treating eye bums [21] were confirmed by studies of dry eye treatment with phosphate-containing eye drops published by Bemauer et al. [20]. 

Kompa, S., Redbrake, C., Dunkel, B., Weber, A., Schrage, N. Corneal calcification after chemical eye bums caused by eye drops containing phosphate buffer. Burns 32(6), 744-747 (2006)... 

In order to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the various deactivation channels of the electronically excited bilatriene chromophore in Pr, the photophysical and photochemical parameters of this chromophore were determined by stationary fluorescence [76] and time-resolved spectroscopic methods (for in-house developments and first applications of fluorescence and optoacoustics see [77-80] and [81,82], respectively) [2,9,10,83,84], Furthermore, a time-resolved fluorescence study has been carried out also with the selectively excited tryptophane residues of Pt and Pfr. The results are discussed in Sections II.A-C and III.A. Unless specified otherwise, the experiments were performed in vitro with 124-kDa phytochrome isolated from etiolated oat seedlings (Avena sativa L ), and the measurements were carried out with ethylene glycol-containing phosphate buffer solutions at 3s 275 K. 

An on-line MCAC-HPLC method was developed for OTC, TC, CTC, DMC residues in both liver and kidney samples. The drugs were extracted with succinate buffer, and the extract was diluted with EDTA-pentanesulphonic acid buffer. Diluted extract was then purified on C8 or XAD-2 SPE cartridges previously activated with MeOH, water, and PSA-containing phosphate buffer. The TCs were eluted with MeOH, and the eluate was then injected onto an Anagel-TSK-Chelate-SPW column that had been preloaded with copper(II) sulphate. The TCs were eluted directly onto the analytical column in a column-switching system after washing with both water and MeOH (29). 

Gradient initially 80% H20 containing phosphate buffer at pH 6.7 and 20% acetonitrile finally 80% acetonitrile after 45 min... 

Epithelial cells of small intestine were prepared in a fractional way (4), the older, less adherent villus tip cells being washed out by EDTA-containing phosphate buffer first, while mitotic crypt cells appeared in the final fractions. The enzyme characteristics of the series of fractions obtained (Fig. 13) followed conventional criteria for differentiated (villus) and less differentiated (crypt) cells (3, 4). The thymidine kinase activity decreased from crypt to villus while the activity of alkaline phosphatase increased (Fig. 13). 

Velosulin contains phosphate buffer, which favors its use to prevent insulin aggregation in pump tubing but precludes its being mixed with lente insulin. 

Extract powder in low actinic flask with aqueous solution containing phosphate buffer-citric acid and metabisulfite. Condition sorbent with methanol, water, and extraction solvent. Fit SAX column on top of phenyl column. After applying sample, wash with extraction solvent. After removing the SAX column, phenyl column is washed with water, air dried, followed by hexane, methylene chloride, acetonitrile, and acetonitrile-methanol (95 5). Sample eluted with methanol-water (9 1). 

Sacrifice a pregnant mouse (about 15 d postcoitus), moisten the belly with 70% ethanol, remove the uterus and place it in a 10-mm Petri dish containing phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Dissect the embryos away from the uterus and membranes, and transfer them into a new dish containing PBS. 

Gelatin buffer was prepared from glass-distilled water containing phosphate buffer (10 mM, pH 7.0), sodium chloride (0.14 M), Merthiolate (0.01%), and gelatin (0.1%). Albumin buffer was prepared by addition of human albumin (0.1%) to gelatin buffer. 

Since the existing analytical method contained phosphate buffer, method conditions needed to be modified for preparative isolation requiring a volatile mobile phase (0.1% formic acid in methanol). The bulk drug substance lot was purified by preparative HPLC using the modified preparative chromatographic conditions. The component of interest eluted from 5-6 minutes and was collected over multiple runs. The fractions containing the impurity were combined and concentrated by evaporation to give a crude oil. The oil was further purified in a final analytical cleanup to afford 1 mg of sample for NMR analysis. 

Preparation of gels for continuous SDS-containing phosphate buffer systems ... 

All measurements should be made against a blank containing phosphate buffer solution and Sterox SE in the same proportion as present in the sample. The Hi concentration is calculated from the equation... 

Draw 5 mL blood from infected and healthy uninfected mice in heparinized glass tubes containing phosphate-buffered saline (10 mM NaCl, pH 7.4). 

Mobile phases containing phosphate buffers have often been used in the preparative purification of oUgodeoxynucleotides. However, the necessity to subsequently desalt the product limits the use of such mobile phases furthermore, problems associated with intramolecular and intermolecular interactions (hydrogen bonding) can occur, although these can largely be overcome by including formamide in the eluent (Newton et al., 1983). An alternative mobile phase is aqueous triethylammonium acetate which can be removed by lyophilisation and in which these molecular interactions are limited (Fig. 11.1.11). 

The crystallization of Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus) 8-amylase, has been described. Preliminary crystallographic data were reported, using a 40% saturated ammonium sulphate solution containing phosphate buffer, H4edta, and 2-mercaptoethanol. 

Recently, much effort has been made on the facilitation of direct electron transfer of the SODs by self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) confined onto Au electrodes. For instance, Ohsaka et al. have formed various kinds of SAMs of alkanethiols onto an Au electrode and studied the electron transfer properties of the SODs [98]. Here, we will use the SAM of cysteine as an example to demonstrate the electron transfer of the SODs promoted by the SAMs of alkanethiols. Figure 6.1 depicts cyclic voltanunograms (CVs) obtained at a cysteine-modified Au electrode (curves a and b) in 25 mM phosphate buffer containing 0.56 mM Cu, Zn-SOD (the concentration used represents that of the Cu or Zn site of Cu, Zn-SOD). For comparison, the CV obtained at a bare Au electrode (curve c) under the same conditions was also given. As shown, the cysteine-modified electrode exhibits one pair of well-defined voltammetric peaks in the SOD-containing phosphate buffer (curve a). These redox peaks were not obtained at the bare Au electrode (curve c). This observation suggests that the direct electron transfer between Cu, Zn-SOD and Au electrode does not occur actually at the bare electrode, but it can be significantly promoted at Au electrode modified with the SAM of cysteine. 

In preparation for the TNT assay, the analog trinitrobenzene (TNB) was fluorescently-labelled with the cyanine dye Cy5 (ex 650, em 670) to form Cy5-TNB. A monoclonal antibody, 11B3 was immobilized on the surface of the probe as the recognition molecule. All buffers, except for the regeneration buffer, contained phosphate buffered saline pH 7.4 with 10% ethanol and 2 mg/ml bovine serum albumin. The regeneration buffer contained 50 50 PBSrethanol... 

The hydrolysis rates of HCFU in aqueous solution (scheme I)(3) were followed by measuring the decrease in the absorbance at 261 nm. The reaction was initiated by addition of a stock solution of HCFU in MeOH into a quartz cell (1 cm pass-length) containing phosphate buffer at 370c. The final concentrations of HCFU and MeOH were 6.5 x 10 M and 3 v/v %, respectively. The hydrolysis followed exactly the first-order kinetics. Under these experimental conditions, no appreciable side reactions such as ring-opening of the uracil moiety were observed. 

An aq. soln. of (+)-4-(l-j -D-glucosyloxy)phenylethyl sulfoxide (obtained from the diastereomeric mixture by crystallization) containing phosphate buffer (pH 5) treated with a mixture of emulsin and kieselguhr, kept at 37 until paper chromatography shows completion of the cleavage -> (+)-4-hydroxy-phenyl ethyl sulfoxide. Y 80-90%. F. e. s. G. Wagner and S. Bohme, Arch. Pharm. 297,257 (1964). ... 

The polyesters in the form of films of 5x5 cm in size and approximately 2 mm thickness, prepared in a hydraulic press, were placed in petries containing phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.2) with 1 mg/mL Rhizopus delemar lipase. Usually enzymatic hydrolysis studies are performed at 37°C. However this temperature is very close to the melting point of PPSu. So, in this case the tests were performed at 30 1°C. The degree of biodegradation was estimated from the mass loss and molecular weight reduction as measured by GPC. 

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