Mercury! I or mercurous

Copper(I) or cuprous, copper(II) or cupric Mercury(I) or mercurous, mercury(II) or mercuric Gold(I) or aurous, gold(III) or auric Iron(II) or ferrous, iron(III) or ferric Cobalt(II) or cobaltous, cobalt(III) or cobaltic Tin(II) or stannous, tin(IV) or stannic Lead(II) or plumbous, lead(IV) or plumbic Nickel(II) or nickelous, nickel(IV) or nickelic... 

Finally, the nephrotoxicity of inorganic mercury (i.e. mercuric chloride) has been shown to be the result of a GSH or cysteine conjugate. In a series of experiments, Zalups has shown that mercuric chloride in the blood is conjugated to cysteine and GSH as mono- or di-substituted conjugates and to serum proteins [38]. 

Mercury(I) salts (mercurous salts) such as the dichlorodimercury(II) HgaCla (improperly called calomel or mercurous chloride) and other metallic salts at their minimum can be titrated with a iodine solution in the presence of iodide ions according to the reaction... 

This reaction has given rise to a double extension involving both mercuric salts. In the first one, the determination of mercuric salts is proposed after the reduction of mercury(II) into mercury (I or 0). The mercury is then again oxidized with an excess of a titrated solution of iodine in the presence of iodide ions. The excess iodine is titrated with a thiosulfate solution. In the second extension, an identical scheme of processes is followed, but, finally, the quantity of the reductor is determined. An example is provided by the determination of formaldehyde (the most reducing aldehyde) and some other aldehydes. In these extensions, the determination is achieved with respect to a blank. The reoxidization of metallic mercury can be written... 

P. Lemoult obtained phosphorus trisiodomercuriate, P(HgI)8, by the action of phosphine, diluted with hydrogen or carbon dioxide, on a dil, soln. of potassium iodomercuriate. The product is washed and dried in vacuo. It is slowly decomposed by warm water and rapidly by alkali-lye. Nitric acid and aqua regia decompose it violently. F. Venturoli prepared "yellow phosphorus iodobisiodo-mercuriate, I.P (Hgl)2, by the action of phosphorus on an alcoholic soln. of potassium iodide. The product is decomposed by heat into phosphorus, and mercurous and mercuric iodides. 

Orthoamide 123 cleanly reduced mercuric acetate in ethanol at 25°C to mercury or mercurous acetate. The organic product formed is guanidinium salt 129 lX= OAc). Similarly, iodine in methanolic potassium carbonate at 25°C oxidized orthoamide 123 to guanidinium iodide 129 (X= I). On the other hand, orthoamide 122 does not react with mercuric acetate even in boiling ethanol. Syn-elimination of mercury and acetic acid from complex 130 must be slow but anti-elimination from complex 131 (Y= l or HgX2) must occur readily. 

Mercury forms several phosphides, i.e. Hg3P, Hg3P2, Hg3P4, which have been described as resulting from the action of phosphine in aqueous solution on mercurous or mercuric salts.9,10 These products were easily oxidised by air, halogens and aqua regia. 

Test for ammonium by placing 10 mg of the original substance with about 0 5 ml sodium hydroxide solution in a semimicro test-tube (without rim) and attach a filter tube (Fig.. 11.30). Place a piece of red litmus paper or mercurous nitrate paper in the funnel. Warm on a water bath. Odour of ammonia red litmus paper turns blue mercury(I) nitrate paper turns black. Ammonium present. 

Methylene iodide, on the other hand, when left in contact with metallic mercury and some mercurous iodide in a sealed tube for four or five days, combines with the mercury. Two products are produced, but no gas is evolved when the tube is opened. The first compound crystallises from boiling alcohol in slender, wdiite needles it is best purified by solution in methylene iodide and precipitation with ether, and is insoluble in the usual solvents. Sakurai assigned the formula I-CHg -Hgl to the substance. This monomercuric methylene iodide or iodomethyl mercuric iodide when heated with iodine in potassium iodide solution yields methylene iodide and mercuric iodide, and similar decomposition takes place with chlorine or bromine. 

Ionic compounds are composed of cations and anions. The cation is always named first. Naming of the cation depends on whether the ion is monatomic. If not, special names are given, such as ammonium for and mercury(I) ion or mercurous ion for Hg, . If the cation is monatomic, the name depends on whether the element forms more than one positive ion in its compound. For example, sodium forms only one positive ion in all its compounds, NaT Iron forms two positive ions, Fe " and Fe, Cations of elements that form only one type of ion in all their compounds need not be further identified in the name. Cations of metals that occur with two or more different charges must be further identified. For... 

MERCURY CHLORIDE or MERCURY(I) CHLORIDE (10112-91-1 7546-30-7) HgjClj Noncombustible solid. Violent reaction with sodium. Slow decomposition in light, forming mercury and mercuric chloride. Incompatible with acetylene, alkali chlorides, ammonia, bromides, azides, carbonates, chlorine dioxide, cocaine hydrochloride, cyanides, copper and copper salts, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxides, iodides, iodine, iodoform, lead salts, lithium, potassium iodide, rubidium,... 

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