Medical marketing consumption

Disposable polypropylene nonwoven fabrics are widely used as the coverstock for disposable baby diapers. The expansion of the disposable diaper market throughout the world has been the primary source of growth in the consumption of polypropylene in the fiber market. In addition, nonwoven polypropylene fabrics are used in a variety of other disposable sanitary products, such as baby wipes, adult incontinence, and feminine hygiene products. Use of polypropylene nonwovens in disposable medical apparel, such as surgical gowns, has increased as a means of reducing the spread of infection. 

This chapter will cover the production of coffee, tea, and cocoa, which comprise the primary crops that account for the majority of worldwide caffeine consumption. Caffeine-containing crops and products comprise a large share of the international market and are primary commodities for many national economies.3 4 Trade of such products is also important in the understanding of availability, market demand, and overall exposure to caffeine from various sources. Information is presented to a lesser degree for soft drinks, many of which do contain caffeine and are consumed primarily in the industrialized nations. Another source of caffeine exposure which contributes less than any beverages and foods under consideration are prescription and non-prescription medications, which are described in lesser detail. 

European pharmaceutical markets are strongly regulated as regards the introduction of new products onto the market (through authorization and patents) and also as regards prices and consumption (medical prescription and public financing). However, the way in which entry, prices and consumption of pharmaceuticals are regulated varies enormously from country to country. 

The rapid movement in the global phthalates market away from using plasticisers 2-ethylhexanol (2-EH) and diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) in favour of alternative products was underscored recently when BASF revealed plans to close its 2-EH and DEHP plants in Germany. The restructuring in Europe will have no effect on BASF s plasticiser portfolio in Nafta and Asia, however, where the company will continue to offer 2-EH and DEHP. About 70% of the plasticiser maiket volume is phthalates, and plasticisers make up about 60% of the plastic additives maiket. PVC accounts for 80-90% of global plasticiser consumption. In October 2003, California added DEHP to the state s list of more than 750 chemicals known to cause birth defects or reproductive harm. Previous studies had shown that the chemical can leach from plastic bags that contain intravenous fluids, blood, tube feedings or other medical treatment, and thereby enter the bodies of patients. 

Present Label Implicitly Applies to Harvested Pollen. For beekeepers who use oxytetracycline for medication, the present label (Table I) is explicit in defining the proper use and precautions that need to be followed when honey is to be harvested and marketed for human consumption. Presumably the label implicitly applies to pollen collected for human consumption as well. This does, however, pose an interesting question - if fresh pollens were collected in pollen traps placed at the hive entrance of medicated colonies before the 4 week restriction elapsed, as stated on the use label for collecting marketable honey, would the oxytetracycline be transferred by the honey bee to the pollen. To answer the question field colonies were medicated by feeding freshly prepared solutions of medicated sugar syrup for several weeks at recommended and twice recommended levels. Immediately at the end of medication, and every 3 to 4 days thereafter, pollen traps were sampled and emptied to trap samples of pollen freshly collected by the foraging bees. 

All information supphed through a pharmaceutical company s marketing department will be regarded as promotional in nature. After all, the information would not be disseminated imless it was designed to increase the consumption of the medicinal product in question. Information can only be regarded as non-promotional, if its dissemination is supervised by the medical department and is clearly scientific and factual in nature. Even then, it should be clearly understood that information sent out by the medical department... 

Mixtures with soap powder, soda ash, water-glass or sodium phosphate are also marketed. The advantage of these powders is the lower soap consumption and fabrics washed in them wear longer than when soda ash is used. In medical science perborate is used for oxygen baths and certain antiseptics. 

All information supplied through a pharmaceutical company marketing department will be regarded as promotional in nature. After all, the information would not be disseminated unless it was designed to increase the consumption of the medicinal product in question. Information can only be regarded as non-promotional if its dissemination is supervised by the medical department and is clearly scientific and factual in nature. Even then it should be clearly understood that information sent out by the medical department can be subject to and considered under the Code of Practice. The concept of promotional information can be readily controlled and be acceptable to prescribers as unbiased information when it has been seen to be subject to medical department review and approval in the same way that promotional material is reviewed and approved. Indeed, one would advise that when scientific information is to be used on a promotional basis, for example a scientific article or medical report, it should be clear that the piece is being used with the support of the medical department review process. 

Polypropylene accounted for about half of the nonwoven products in industrial uses in 2001. Its share in ropes and nets was 55-60%, and 70-80% in civil construction, where polyester claimed 20-24%. In automotive applications, polypropylene shared 26-30%, nylon almost 50%, and polyester about 20%. Polypropylene contributed to over 86% of agricultural nonwoven, 100% of packaging cloth, 85% of sanitary items, and 64-70% of medical applications. The world consumption of industrial nonwoven products was 1.329 MT in 2000. Polypropylene topped all synthetic fibers with a share of over 40% in this market segment. 

A relevant starting point is to summarize the commercial successes of chitin and chitosan as they pertain to medical applications. Chitin and chitosan-based medical products have been in the market for some time, especially in Asian countries. These medical products are typically for local consumption having passed through the stringent regulatory requirements of individual countries where the products are sold. 

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