Measurement module

For accurate line width measurements Modulation amplitude = line-width/10. For most practical work Modulation amplitude = line-width/3. 

FOT = Foreign-trade module WEM = Welfare-measurement module... 

For each programmed measurement module provided by the Dipix instrument, the instrument records images at fixed wavelengths from a large number of microscopic fields of view. The number of fields is established according to the standard deviation and reproducibility of the data from each module, and this value is determined by the user. The instrument employs a standard commercial light/fluorescence microscope fitted with several modifications for routine analysis. 

H. v. MAiAisTADT, s. R. CROUCH, c. ENKE, and o. HORUCK Optimization of Electronic Measurements, Module 4, Benjamin, Menlo Park, Calif., 1974. 

Long range dipolar interactions between an unpaired electron and nuclear spins on adjacent atoms will not normally be resolved in conventional powder EPR spectra.The pulse technique of electron spin echo modulation (ESEM) is in favourable cases able to detect very weak hyperfine interactions not seen in CW EPR. The method measures modulation of the electron spin echo signal by dipolar hyperfine coupling in the time domain at fixed magnetic field. Until recently,... 

Equations (43) and (44) combined with (41) and (42) permit evaluation of the terms Gy and S, defined below, corresponding to a given frequency w, as (47) and (48) where M, and are measured modulation and phase angles at frequency w. ... 

The Seralyzer system (Fig. 42) consists of the individual components pipette and dilutor system, reagent carrier, method-specific measurement module, calibrators and a reflection photometer. 

After turning on the instrument, the requisite measurement module is inserted. The user must calibrate the instrument before performing the first analysis of a patient sample. This is done by means of the calibrators. Two different calibrators must be used per method. After calibration - which is now stored for 7-30 days analysis of control or patient samples can be performed. Depending on the method, either undiluted or diluted serum or plasma can be employed. Following insertion of the reagent carrier in the transport slide of the instrument, the material to be examined is transferred on the test area by means of a 30 pi air displacement pipette. The start key is pressed directly and the transport slide pushed in. After the reflectance measurement the result is displayed by the instrument. 

The measurement module (Fig. 47) consists of a plastic case and a plug-in unit. The module comprises an interference filter that selects the wavelength required for the measurement. All the data (including the calibration results) relevant for measuring the analyte, are stored in the microchip, this being another element of the instrument. A measurement module can be used exclusively for only one particular method. 

The routine measurements (Module Open a model ), using an already existing calibration model. 

Data processed by off-line systems have the disadvantage that they provide information retrospectively about an analytical process that has been completed. Any indication of deteriorating performance, as shown for example by control samples, therefore cannot be used to initiate corrective action. On-line systems, in which data are continuously processed as they emerge from the measuring modules of the instruments, provide an opportunity for feedback control of the analytical process, as well as for reducing the overall time lapse between starting the analysis and reporting the results. 

Follow-up Tests. In our follow-up tests we want to better define at what temperature we can detect the thermal instability, and to gain some knowledge about how much of a hazard the instability represents. The majority of this work is done with an instrument called a Sikarex Safety Calorimeter (3,4) xt consists of a sample oven, a control and measurement module, and a recorder. In the sample oven is placed 10-30 g of sample in either an open glass tube, a closed glass tube with a capillary bleed, or a stainless steel autoclave. The control and measurement module controls the oven temperature and measures the sample and oven jacket temperatures. 

Table 1. Water management strategies. Abbreviations of wastewater treatment plant names are given in Fig. 1. Example how to read Table 1 Scenario 2 includes the following measures Module (A) reduced amount of water flowing towards Berlin, carrying same nutrient concentration as in the current state. Module (B) technical upgrade of all operating wwtps. Three Wwtps, namely Falkenberg (Fkb), Marienfelde (Mfd) and Oranienburg (Obg) are assumed to be shut down. Module (C) current state of storm water discharge into the surface waters...

ABSTRACT The traditional dynamometer for anchor cable has disadvantages of low precision, poor anti-interference abihty, measurement results cannot be uploaded automatically, the comprehensive analysis of measurement results is dilficult. In the paper, a dynamometer for anchor cable based on industrial Ethernet is proposed. The paper also introduces the principle and implementation of system project. It has the core of STC12C5A single-chip microcomputer, and realizes the accurate measurement of anchor stress condition by using fine torque measurement module, and realizes the data communication and sharing by using RTL8019AS Ethernet control chip. The sensor can monitor the status of anchor stress condition real-time and also can make pre-caution to the possible production accident. 

Stevens, J.C. (1910). Experiments on small weirs and measuring modules. Engineering News 64(7) 171-177. 

The effect on the risk is derived through the importance measures module. Two separate toolkits are available ... 

Here, m is the total number of primes into which k can be factored and r is the number of different prime factors in k. According to Eq. (26.109) the modulation transfer function can be evaluated in terms of the measured modulation, or contrast values However, since a value of M(0),. = 1... 

Module-speed Measurement Module - Fuel Flow Module - Overspeed Protection Module - T1/P1 Module - FMV Module - Fuel Metering... 

Modtilation depth The ratio of the peak-to-peak amplitudes of, for example, 0.5-5 MHz (40 00 television Hnes) signal as measured on a waveform monitor. When measuring modulation depth, consideration of the frequency response of the preamplifiers well as the MTF of the lens must be taken into account... 

In a number of investigations, lipids, fatty acids and their derivatives were observed to have a laterally well ordered packing of the aliphatic chains whereas the polar head were laterally less well ordered. This disorder partly stems from co-ordination with water in the subphase and results in a large Debye-Waller factor for the head group. Thus, in most cases only the tail region contributes to diffraction and the polar head group contributes to the background. In XR experiments the lateral order is irrelevant and both the tail, head and the subphase contribute to measurable modulations of the electron density across the surface [8],... 

An innovative wireless thermometer (Vallan et al., 2005a) that can manage one or more measurement modules equipped with 14 thermocouples each it sends the results to a reader placed outside the vacuum chamber and connected by means of a serial interface to a PC that schedules, acquires and collects the measurements. The reader powers the thermometer and the modules through the same radio-frequency link that is employed for data communication, so that the modules can work without batteries. 

Fig. 13.2 Frequency distributions of the average temperatures of all measured modules at the different test sites for 1 year...

The next diagram, on the left, displays a top view of the heat leak disk of the Mettler DSC 20 and 25 thermal analysis systems. The disk is made out of quartz with a vapor-deposited 10-junction thermopile. The reference and sample crucibles each sit on one of the two circularly arranged spots with five or more sensors. The two central terminals bring the temperature difference signal to the measuring module. Absolute temperature information and... 

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