Maximum emission concentration

In order to be able to evaluate short-term environmental stresses, the values of the maximum emission concentration (MIK) offer a better way. The state of knowledge is still limited, a fact which is expressed in a... 

The maximum ground concentration of stack gases subjected to atmospheric diffusion occurs about 5-10 effective stack heights dow tiw ind from the point of emission. 

Hazardous waste feed restriction of 3.0 ppmw and 120 pg/dscm maximum theoretical emission concentration (MTEC) or 120 pg/dscm total emissions... 

Maximum theoretical emission concentration—feed rate divided by gas flow rate... 

AMCA-hydrazide has a maximal excitation wavelength of 345 nm and a maximum emission wavelength in the range of 440-460 nm. A solution of AMCA in PBS at a concentration of 16.7ng/ml (71.61 nmoles/ml) gives an absorbance at 345 nm of about 1.28. This translates into a molar extinction coefficient at this wavelength of about 13,900M em-1. Different solvents and conditions may alter this value somewhat. 

As informed Dr. A.I. Korableva from Institute for Environmental Management and Ecology under the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in the report "Environmental impact of automobile transport by example of Dnepropetrovsk", Dnepropetrovsk with its annual discharge of air pollutants of 177,000 t (as of 1996) is among the worst affected cities in Ukraine. In these, the automobile transport was found to be responsible for at least 30 % of the total emissions which are 15 times the maximum permissible level. Aside from the dust, chemical, photochemical and noise pollution, there is the aspect of street washout of automobile-related pollutants into the River Dnieper. The measured annual receipts of lead, particulates and petroleum derivatives via rainwater and thaw water to the river are 0.45, 80,000+ and 1.8+ t respectively. The actual levels of petroleum derivatives in storm water sometimes were 206 times the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) for the fishery basins. At 34 km downstream from the city, the estimated levels of petroleum derivatives and particulates are 61 and 10.8 times the respective MPCs. The airborne lead is mainly accumulated in the soil of housing areas. 

In the early morning, the concentration of NO rises and reaches a maximum at a time that approximately coincides with the maximum emissions of NO, in this case, peak automobile traffic ... 

Maximum allowable emission concentration in populated areas of former Soviet Union No observable effect level... 

Special process and product specifications have been set forth for companies in the chemical industry. Additionally, specific limits must be observed for pollutant or VOC (volatile organic compounds) emissions. Specific maximum allowable concentrations at workplaces must not be exceeded. Both the transport of chemicals and the recycling or disposal of chemical wastes are subject to particular requirements. Periodic hazard assessments - which in Germany, for example, are mandatory according to the Ordinance on Industrial Safety and Health (Betriebssicherheitsverordnung, BetrSichV) - are a must requirement in the chemical industry. To achieve a Continuous Improvement Process, product and process requirements must be identified, evaluated and monitored on a regular basis. 

The fluorescence properties of two fulvic acids, one derived from the soil and the other from river water, were studied. The maximum emission intensity occurred at 445-450 nm upon excitation at 350 nm, and the intensity varied with pH, reaching a maximum at pH 5.0 and decreasing rapidly as the pH dropped below 4. Neither oxygen nor electrolyte concentration affected the fluorescence of the fulvic acid derived from the soil. Complexes of fulvic acid with copper, lead, cobalt, nickel and manganese were examined and it was found that bound copper II ions quench fulvic acid fluorescence. Ion-selective electrode potentiometry was used to demonstrate the close relationship between fluorescence quenching and fulvic acid complexation of cupric ions. It is suggested that fluorescence and ion-selective electrode analysis may not be measuring the same complexation phenomenon in the cases of nickel and cobalt complexes with fulvic acid. 

In exemplarily flame measurements conducted at the LTT-Erlangen (Will et al., 1996), flame temperatures were determined by emission spectroscopy or coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) thermometry depending on the maximum soot concentration. Typical temperatures are in the range of 1800 K in the middle of the flames and up to 2100 K in the outer regions where the reactions take place. A typical measurement setup for two-dimensional LII investigations is shown in Figure 10. 

---