Mass spectrometry of flavonoids

SUMNER, L., PATVA, N.L., DIXON, R.A., GENO, P.W., High-performance liquid chromatography/continuous-flow liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry of flavonoid glucosides in leguminous plant extracts, J. Mass Spectrom., 1996,31,472-485. 

Sakushima, A., Nishibe, S., and Brandenberger, H., Negative ion desorption chemical ionization mass spectrometry of flavonoid glycosides, Biomed. Environ. Mass Spectrom., 18, 809, 1989. 

De Rijke, E. et al.. Liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of flavonoids with triple-quadrupole and ion-trap instruments, J. Chromatogr. A, 984, 45, 2003. 

TJ Schmidt, I Merfort, G Willuhn. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of flavonoid aglycones. II. Structure-retention relationships and a possibility of differentiation between isomeric 6- and 8-methoxyflavones. J Chromatogr 669 236-240, 1994. 

Table 4 m/z Values of Ions Produced by Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry of Flavonoid Glycosides Present in Some Culinary Herbs... 

Kingston DGI, Pales HM. Methane chemical ionization mass spectrometry of flavonoids. Tetrahedron 1973 29 4083 086. 

Marby TJ, Markham KR. Mass spectrometry of flavonoids. In Harbome JB, Mabry TJ, Mabry H, eds. The Flavonoids. New York Academic Press, 1975 p 79-126. Yamashita M, Fenn JB. Electrospray ion source another variation of the free-jet theme. J Phys Chem 1984 88 4451 459. 

Mabry T J, Markham K R 1975 Mass spectrometry of flavonoids. In Harborne J B, Mabry T J, Mabry H (eds) The flavonoids. Academic Press New York, 78—126... 

Takayama, M., T. Fukai, Y. Hano, and T. Nomura Mass Spectrometry of Prenylated Flavonoids. Heterocycles, 33, 405 (1992). 

Kite GC, Veitch NC. Identification of common glycosyl groups of flavonoid O-glyco-sides by serial mass spectrometry of sodiated species. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2011 25 2579-90. 

Kingston DGI. Mass spectrometry of organic compounds. VI. Electron-impact spectra of flavonoid compounds. Tetrahedron 1971 27 2691-2700. 

Knowledge of the identity of phenolic compounds in food facilitates the analysis and discussion of potential antioxidant effects. Thus studies of phenolic compounds as antioxidants in food should usually by accompanied by the identification and quantification of the phenols. Reversed-phase HPLC combined with UV-VIS or electrochemical detection is the most common method for quantification of individual flavonoids and phenolic acids in foods (Merken and Beecher, 2000 Mattila and Kumpulainen, 2002), whereas HPLC combined with mass spectrometry has been used for identification of phenolic compounds (Justesen et al, 1998). Normal-phase HPLC combined with mass spectrometry has been used to identify monomeric and dimeric proanthocyanidins (Lazarus et al, 1999). Flavonoids are usually quantified as aglycones by HPLC, and samples containing flavonoid glycosides are therefore hydrolysed before analysis (Nuutila et al, 2002). 

Berahia, T., Cerrato, C., Sabatier, S., and Amiot, M. J. (1993). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of flavonoids in honey. Sci. Aliments 13,15-24. 

Yellow Lake Pigments, Identification and Study of Deterioration of Flavonoid Colorants. Arie Wallert and N. Wyplosz, Molecular Aspects of Ageing in Painted Works of Art, Progress Report 1995-1997, FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Amsterdam, NL, http //www.amolf.nl/research/biomacromolecular mass spectrometry/ molart/progress report98.pdf... 

V. Carbone, P. Montoro, N. de Tommasi and C. Pizza, Analysis of flavonoids from Cyclanthera pedata fruits by liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry, J. Pharmaceut. Biomed., 34, 295 304 (2004). 

Cuyckens, F. and Claeys, M. (2004). Mass spectrometry in the structural analysis of flavonoids. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 39 1-15. 

Ferreres F, Llorach R and Gil-Izquierdo A. 2004. Characterization of the interglycosidic linkage in di-, tri-, tetra- and pentaglycosylated flavonoids and differentiation of positional isomers by liquid chromatogra-phy/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 39(3) 312—321. 

Stobiecki M. 2000. Application of mass spectrometry for identification and structural studies of flavonoid glycosides. Phytochemistry 54(3) 237-256. 

Waridel P, Wolfender J-L, Ndjoko K, Hobby KR, Major HJ and Hostettmann K. 2001. Evaluation of quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry and ion-trap multiple-stage mass spectrometry for the differentiation of C-glycosidic flavonoid isomers. J Chromatogr A 926(1) 29-41. 

Rauha JP, Vuorela H and Kostiainen R. 2001. Effect of eluent on the ionization efficiency of flavonoids by ion spray, atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 36 1269-1280. 

WATSON, D.G., PITT, A.R., Analysis of flavonoids in tablets and urine by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, Rapid Comm. Mass Spectrom., 1998,12,153-156. 

Because of their beneficial biological effects, the fate of flavonoids in human tissues has been extensively investigated [200, 201], Mass spectrometry as a reliable detection technique has been frequently used in the HPLC analysis of flavonoids [202, 203],... 

U. Justesen, Negative atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation low-energy collision activation mass spectrometry for the characterisation of flavonoids in extracts of fresh herbs. J. Chromatogr. A 902 (2000) 369-379. 

Misra A, Hong JY, Kim S (2007) Multiplex genotyping of cytochrome p450 single-nucleotide polymorphisms by use of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Clin Chem 53 933-939 Moon YJ, Zhang S, Brazeau DA, Morris ME (2007) Effects of the flavonoid biochanin A on gene expression in primary human hepatocytes and human intestinal cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 51 317-323... 

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