Manganese chloride, effect

Koch, G. Comparison and estimation of effect on caries of daily supervisee toothbrushing with a dentifrice containing sodium fluoride and a dentifrice containing potassium fluoride and manganese chloride. A three-year chnical test. Odontol. Rev. 1972, 23 (3), 341-354. 

VK Yachandra, RD Guiles, K Sauer and MP Klein (1986) The state of manganese in the photosynthetic apparatus. 5. The chloride effect in photosynthetic oxygen evolution. Is halide coordinated to the EPR-active manganese in O evoiving complex Studies of substructure of the low-temperature multiline EPR signal. Biochim Biophys Acta 850 333-342... 

Furthermore, in 1D or 2D complexes the alignement of heavy atoms can be displayed by such an effect, as shown schematically in Fig. 7 or in Fig. 23 in the experimental case of tetramethylammonium manganese chloride (TMMC), a well-known ID antiferromagnetic chain. 

Camner P, Curstedt T, Jarstrand C, et al. 1985. Rabbit lung after inhalation of manganese chloride A comparison with the effects of chlorides of nickel, cadmium, cobalt, and copper. Environ Res 38 301-309. 

Kristensson K, Eriksson H, Lundh B, et al. 1986. Effects of manganese chloride on the rat developing nervous system. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol 59 345-348. 

Lai JC, Leung TK, Lim L. 1982. The ontogeny of acetylcholinesterase activities in rat brain regions and the effect of chronic treatment with manganese chloride. J Neurochem 39 1767-1769. 

Smialowicz RJ, Luebke RW, Rogers RR, et al. 1985. Manganese chloride enhances natural cell-mediated immune effector cell function Effects on macrophages. Immunopharmacology 9 1-11. 

Forskolin can potentiate GppNHp stimulation of adenylate cyclase in membranes from some tissues. This potentiation can be observed when the effect of the N1 protein is suppressed by treatment with pertussis toxin,33 or by including manganese chloride in the assay medium.3 ... 

Among various treatments studied, such as addition of SO2, cysteine, CaCl2, trehalose, manganese chloride, disodium dihydrogen pyrophosphate, oxygen scavenger pouch, and so on, the only ones that effectively retarded the... 

Cahiez reported that primary alkyl bromides could be phenylated using phenyl-manganese chloride or phenylmagnesium chloride in the presence of a catalytic amount of [Li2CuCl4j. It is interesting to note that the polar cosolvent NMP exerted an adverse effect on the arylation, giving the arylated products in diminished chemical yields (Equations 5.39 and 5.40) [47, 48]. 

In this study, to control the pseudoboehmite nanocrystal precipitation process, additives such as hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, manganese chloride, ethanol and ethylene glycol were dissolved in hot water. The effects of these additives on the formation of pseudoboehmite nanocrystals were examined. 

PPO is generally prepared by oxidative polymerization of 2,6-dimethylphenol in toluene solution in the presence of oxygen over an catalyst. Copper-amine catalysts are undoubtedly the most studied systems whereas other metal systems including manganese chloride (12), cobalt complex (13) have also shown to be effective in bench scale. Various amines including mono-dentate and biden-tate amines have been used as ligand for copper (I) complex which shows a wide range of activity as indicated in Table 2.4 (2,14-16). 

Bonilla, E. and Diez-Ewald, M. (1974) Effects of L-dopa on brain concentrations of dopamine and homovanillic acid in rats after chronic manganese chloride administration, J. Neurochem. 22, 297-299. 

Both the semi-planar, four coordinate Mn porphyrin and the non-planar five coordinate Mn texaphyrin are stable Mn confounds which are capable of using cellular reductants to catalytically deconq>ose peroxynitrite. There is no indication that the in vivo effects of either confound are related to release of fi ee Mn and the lack of therapeutic effect from administration of manganese chloride to G93A mice has been reported previously (44). In addition, we have seen no therapeutic effect of zinc or cobalt analogs of FeTCPP, suggesting fiiat a redox active metal is required such results are consistent with catalytic antioxidant properties. 

Dissolved mineral salts The principal ions found in water are calcium, magnesium, sodium, bicarbonate, sulphate, chloride and nitrate. A few parts per million of iron or manganese may sometimes be present and there may be traces of potassium salts, whose behaviour is very similar to that of sodium salts. From the corrosion point of view the small quantities of other acid radicals present, e.g. nitrite, phosphate, iodide, bromide and fluoride, have little significance. Larger concentrations of some of these ions, notably nitrite and phosphate, may act as corrosion inhibitors, but the small quantities present in natural waters will have little effect. Some of the minor constituents have other beneficial or harmful effects, e.g. there is an optimum concentration of fluoride for control of dental caries and very low iodide or high nitrate concentrations are objectionable on medical grounds. 

The solubility of the precipitates encountered in quantitative analysis increases with rise of temperature. With some substances the influence of temperature is small, but with others it is quite appreciable. Thus the solubility of silver chloride at 10 and 100 °C is 1.72 and 21.1mgL 1 respectively, whilst that of barium sulphate at these two temperatures is 2.2 and 3.9 mg L 1 respectively. In many instances, the common ion effect reduces the solubility to so.small a value that the temperature effect, which is otherwise appreciable, becomes very small. Wherever possible it is advantageous to filter while the solution is hot the rate of filtration is increased, as is also the solubility of foreign substances, thus rendering their removal from the precipitate more complete. The double phosphates of ammonium with magnesium, manganese or zinc, as well as lead sulphate and silver chloride, are usually filtered at the laboratory temperature to avoid solubility losses. 

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