Management by design

No source of pollution or contamination shall exist surrounding the production premises. The collection points for waste and rubbish shall be far apart from production areas. Requirements for hygiene and sanitation shall be established, and shall be managed by designated persons. 

Thoroughness of testing to identify if potential impacts exist and how they are managed by design enhancements or operational SOPs. 

Many research department heads delegate the internal responsibility for safety management by designating a departmental safety officer or representative who is responsible for the identification of overall safety problems in the department and who assists the departmental safety committee in developing internal guidelines, dealing with problems, and... 

In the UK these duties are imposed by the Health and Safety at Work ete. Aet. Employees also have a legal responsibility to eooperate with management by using designated proteetive deviees and not interfering with sueh apparatus. 

This book is well written, logically developed, and easy to read. I hope it will be widely read, not just by designers, but by everyone involved with the design of new plants, including chemists who choose the reactions to be used. Above all, 1 hope it will be read by senior managers, as they are in a position to influence the policy and culture of the company and are inclined to ask why we carry out so many studies on new projects instead of getting on with the detailed design. This book will teU them why. I can think of no better Christmas present for your company president. 

This book was written by Dr. David Embrey of Human Reliability Associates, with the assistance of the CCPS Human Reliability Subcommittee. Section 8.2, Managing Human Error by Design, which deals with the application of human factors principles in the process safety management system, was written by the Human Reliability Subcommittee. 

Human error Physical and cognitive actions by designers, operators, or managers that may contribute to or result in undesired events. 

In other cases, where perhaps the requirements are ill defined, or there is concern over some particular aspect of the project, it may well be more appropriate to have the project designed and/or managed by independent professionals. For example, most industrial building projects are best suited to an engineer-led approach. If, however, the owner is particularly concerned about the architectural aspects of the scheme, he may prefer to make his own selection and appointment of an architect. 

A virtually defunct form of chemical treatment program employed in older design, low heat-flux boilers, whereby the risk of BW scale formation is managed by means of a controlled reserve of carbonate ions. 

The gap between the process risk and the owner/operator s risk criteria establishes the requirements for risk reduction. The risk gap can be managed by a single safety function or by multiple functions allocated to protection layers. The team defines the risk reduction that must be provided by each safety function and allocates the safety function to a protection layer that is designed and managed to achieve the allocated risk reduction. 

Because of the wide availability of chlor-alkali technology, it was decided to tender for fixed-price contracts for engineering, procurement and construction of the two chlor-alkali plants. The other areas - namely Outside Battery Limits for both plants and the chlor-paraffin plant in Melbourne - were managed by Orica under separate contracts. The chlor-paraffin plant process design (batch chlorination of paraffin oil and wax) was carried out in-house by Orica. 

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