Maleic acid Methyl alcohol

Formaldehyde Formic acid Isobutyl alcohol Maleic anahydride Methyl alcohol (methanol)... 

Displacement of equilibria in adsorbed layers. In cases of cis-trans isomerism, usually one isomer is much more easily adsorbed than another, and sometimes one isomer can be effectively separated from the other by suitable choice of solvent and adsorbing surface.1 Thus fumaric acid is much more strongly adsorbed than maleic, from aqueous solution, on to charcoal aVazobenzene is much the more strongly adsorbed from petroleum ether by alumina, while the trans form is far more adsorbed than the cis, from methyl alcohol, by charcoal. 

Poly(vinyl alcohol) is utilized as a component of starch-based adhesives.11121114 Other patents report the use of partially oxidized starch,1115 dextrins,1116 dextrins and urea,1117 borax,1118 boric acid,1119 and vinyl methyl ether-maleic acid copolymers.1120 Other patents indicate the use of poly (vinyl alcohol) with partially hydrolyzed poly(vinyl acetate),1121 nonhy-drolyzed poly(vinyl acetate),1122 and poly(vinyl chloride).1123 A few patents have reported such poly acrylic additives as poly (acrylic acid)1124 and its salts,1125 poly(acrylamide),1126 1127 A-methylacrylamide or poly(A-acryl-amide),1128 and polyethyleneimine.1129 Polystyrene has also been used,1130 as well as more complex copolymers such as a maleic acid monobutyl ester-methyl vinyl ether copolymer, together with dextrin and polyacrylamide),1131 carboxylated ethyl acrylate-styrene zinc salt copolymer,1132 ethylene-methyl acrylate-vinyl acetate copolymer,1133 vinyl acetate-vinyl pyr-rolidone copolymer,1134 and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.1135 Some adhesives are compounded with SBR latex1136 1138 and phenol-formaldehyde resins.1139... 

Although little experimental data is available, numerous patents have been issued for the vapor phase catalytic oxidation of various other derivatives containing the benzene nucleus, as well as heterocyclic compounds Thus, fluorene (diphenyl methane) is oxidized to fluorenone with air in the presence of a catalyst containing iron vanadate or other suitable metal salt of the fifth or sixth group of the periodic system at a temperature of 360° to 400°.1,2 Maleic acid and anhydride are formed by the catalytic oxidation of compounds of the furan series, such as furan, furfural alcohol, furfural, methyl furfural, hydroxymethylfurfural, pyromucic acid or mixtures, with air over catalysts of molybdenum, vanadium, or other metals.133 Dimethyl benzaldehyde is formed by oxidizing pseudocumene with air at 550° C. in the presence of a tungsten oxide catalyst. Molybdenum, vanadium, or tantalum oxide catalysts may also be used to form aromatic aldehydes from o-, m-, or p-xylenes, mesitylene, p-cymene, or o-chlorotoluene by air oxidation. Times of contact of 0.3 to 0.4 seconds... 

Substitution of hydrogen at the double bond by methyl groups reduces-the stabilty of the complexes formed for both alcohols and acids. However, a, /J-unsaturated alcohols showed a greater tendency for complex formation than did a, 0-unsaturated acids. It is noted that fumaric add (where the car-boxylate groups are trans) forms a stronger complex with copper(I) than maleic acid (where they are cis) the possibility of coordination through oxygen was also considered. 

Copolymer of styrene and maleic acid Ethyl or methyl alcohol Ethyl acetate, methyl ethyl ketone, isopropyl alcohol... 

In general, polyester resins are synthesized by the reaction between carboxylic acids and alcohols, with three or more reactive groups. Recently, unsaturated polyesters were incorporated in various ways to produce terminal, pendant, and internal double bonds [57-59]. In the case of unsaturated polyesters, maleic anhydride is most commonly used to produce internal unsaturation. The double bond present on unsaturated polyester reacts with a vinyl monomer, mainly styrene, resulting in a 3D crosslinked structure. This structure acts as a thermoset. The crosslinking is initiated through an exothermic reaction involving an organic peroxide, such as methyl ethyl ketone peroxide or benzoyl peroxide (Fig. 3.18). 

Maleic acid, dimethyl ester Methyl maleate Definition Diester of methyl alcohol and maleic acid Empirical C6H8O4 Formula CH30C0CH CHC00CH3... 

Isooctyl alcohol Isophthalic acid, Isopropanolamine, Isostearic acid, Itaconic acid, Jayflex DHP Jayflex DINA Jayflex DIOP Jonrez IC-2805 Kenplast G Lanolin alcohol Maleic acid Maleic anhydride, Mekon White 2-Mercaptoethanol 3-Methoxybutanol Methoxyethanol Methoxyethyl acrylate. Methyl acetyl ricinoleate Methyl caprate. Methyl laurate. Methyl linoleate Methyl oleate Methylpropanediol Neopentyl glycol Nonanolc acid, Nopalcol 4-0 Nomlacresin, Octoxynol 2-Octyi-l-decanol Octyl palmitate. Oleic acid. Oxidized soybean oil Paroll 142 ... 

Definition Diester of methyl alcohol and maleic acid... 

Ethylene distearamide , EthyleneA/A copolymer 2-Ethylhexanol Ferrous ammonium sulfate Fumaric acid Glyceryl acetate Glyceryl diacetate Hydrogenated castor oil Hydroxyethylcellulose Hydroxypropylcellulose Isopropyl acetate Isopropyl alcohol Itaconic acid Lanolin Lauryl alcohol Magnesium lauryl sulfate Magnesium myristate Magnesium palmitate Maleic acid Melamine-formaldehyde resin Methyl ethyl ketone ... 

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