Male-female attraction

Bee (Xylocopa sulcatipes) aggressiveness in other males, female attractant (OD-R) [antifungal]... 

Bee (Andrena spp., Psithyrus sp., Xylocopa varipuncta) male territory marker, male female attractant (OD-R) spider orchid pheromone mimicry... 

One well-analysed chemosignal system is that of the Red-bellied Newt (Cynops pyrrhogaster). Males of this species produce from the abdominal gland a semiochemical protein (sodefrin) with marked VNO activity as a female attractant (Kikuyama et al., 1997). Courtship displays of newts often contain tail-waving bouts, which direct cloacal or other secretions from the male toward female recipients (Fig. 3.1). A large stable molecule like sodefrin, alone or as part of a VNPr complex, is presumably suitable for such local transference. 

The results of this study demonstrate that upon emergence from winter hibernation, newly-emerged males are attractive to other males, albeit not to the same degree as females. Furthermore, it appears that the attractive nature of these males is due to the presence of a pheromone profile similar to the female sexual attractiveness pheromone. As hypothesized, complete GC/MS analysis showed no significant... 

Powers, J. B., Fields, R. B. and Winans, S. S. (1979) Olfactory and vomeronasal system articipation in male hamsters attraction to female vaginal secretions. Physiol. Behav. 22, 77-84. 

Possible pheromone components have been identified for a single species, Orius insidiosus. In a preliminary study, males were attracted to females, and ( )-2,7-octadienal, ( )-2,7-octadienoic acid, and ( )-2,9-decadienal were reported as female-specific compounds [133]. In a followup study, males were attracted in low numbers to a 3 10 blend of ( )-2,7-octadienal and ( )-2-octenal [134]. There is also preliminary evidence for a female-produced pheromone from Orius sauteri [135],... 

Traditionally, French fishermen have used the male sex attractant of the sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus. They bait a trap with an adult male and catch numerous females at night. Land-locked sea lamprey such as those in the Great Lakes of North America spawn in streams. Males arrive before the females and build nests. In laboratory choice experiments, ovulating females selected water from spermiating males and increased their searching behavior there. In a natural stream, females responded to male odors from as far as 65 m. The active... 

Male red-bellied newts, Cynops pyrrhogaster (Salamandridae), attract females with a pheromone that is released into the water from epithelial cells of the abdominal gland of the cloaca. A decapeptide called sodefrin (Ser-Ile-Pro-Ser-Lys-Asp-Ala-Leu-Leu-Lys) is the first amphibian pheromone with female-attracting properties ever chemically identified (Kikuyama etal., 1995). Silefrin in the related sword-tailed newt, Cynops ensicauda, is a similar decapeptide and differs from sodefrin in only two amino acid residues (Yamamoto et al, 2000) (Table 7.3). 

Odors of male mammals attract females and modulate their behavior in a variety of ways. 

Eemale mice are attracted to urine and preputial secretion from male mice. Preputialectomy renders males less attractive. The combination of an androgen-dependent factor in the urine and an androgen-independent factor in preputial secretion is essential for attracting females (Ninomiya and Kimura, 1986, 1988). 

Clethrionomys clareolus, and wood mice, Apodemus sylvaticus, near Munich. Immature animals entered male-scented, female-scented, and control traps equally often, while male odor attracted adult males and female odor attracted adult females (Baumler and Hock, 1987). 

Ovipositor extracts of calling females of the swede midge, Contarinia nasturtii Kieffer (Diptera Cecidomyiidae) showed two compounds that elicited responses from males. These were identified as (25,95)-diacetoxyundecane and (25,105)-diacetoxyundecane. In addition, a trace amount of 2-acetoxyundecane was also found in the extracts. In wind tunnels experiments, males were attracted only when a blend of these three was used. ... 

Extract of odors collected from sexually mature males of the green stink bug, Acrostemum hilare Ssy (Hemiptera Pentatomidae), showed one major sex-specific component, (45)- r-(Z )-bisabolene epoxide [(45)-cis-2 -BAE]. The crude extract was attractive to females, but when separated into four fractions, only the portion containing (45)-c -2 -BAE and the minor component AS)-trans-Z- AE was attractive to females. The fraction was as attractive as the crude extract suggesting that the former contained all the components. Neither the cis- nor the trans- BAE alone was attractive to females, but a 95 5 cis-.trans blend, mimicking the ratio naturally produced by males was attractive to females in Y-tube bioassays. " ... 

Nishida, R., Shelly, T.E. and Kaneshiro, K. Y. (1997). Acquisition of female-attracting fragrance by males of oriental fruit fly from a Hawaiian lei flower, Fagraea berteriana. Journal of Chemical Ecology 23 2275-2285. 

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