Making solution

Make solution alkaline with NaHC03 and titrate excess I2 with standard arsenite solution. HPH2O2/4 = 16.499... 

In the course of a day, you use or make solutions many times. Your morning cup of coffee is a solution of solids (sugar and coffee) in a liquid (water). The gasoline you fill your gas tank with is a solution of several different liquid hydrocarbons. The soda you drink at a study break is a solution containing a gas (carbon dioxide) in a liquid (water). 

Too long drying, or drying at too high a temperature, partially dehydrates the salt, with the result that it dissolves much more slowly in water and is therefore less desirable for making-solutions for use in qualitative or quantitative analysis. Sodium dimethylglyoximate is extremely soluble in water. A 3 per cent (0.1 M) aqueous solution is suggested to replace the 1 per cent alcoholic solution now used in analytical work. 

GC and HPLC allow for ready quantification of the components exiting the column in that the area under the peak in the chromatogram is proportional to the amount of component present. However, to make a quantitative analysis, it is essential to have a calibration curve (see Chapter 14) for each of the components of interest. This means making solutions of differing but known concentrations, injecting them, and finding the relationship between peak area and amount of material present in a manner similar to that described in Section 14.9, for colorimetric analysis. In many cases, the software that controls the chromatograph can be set up to automatically do this analysis (see also Chapter 15). 

Stir for 10 min to dissolve and add additional 15 ml of distilled water. Store solution for 3 6 months at4°C. Note the amount of NaOH is very important. Too much will make solution cloudy. 

Serial dilution is the preparation of a series of solutions by always diluting the solution just prepared to make the next one. For example, to make solutions with concentrations 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 ppm, serial dilution would mean to prepare the 50 ppm first, then to prepare the 40 ppm from the 50 ppm, the 30 ppm from the 40 pmm, the 20 ppm from the 30 ppm, etc. 

Now we have to try to solve the mass-balance equations for each of these species to obtain [M](t), [AMj] r), and [P](r), remembering that j and n can go to infinity. We obviously have to solve an infinite number of equations sequentially in the general case. However, we can make the problem quite simple (but obtain a solution that is not entirely accurate) by setting all kpS and aU k S equal. Now we can play games with summations and make solution of this reaction set a rather straightforward problem. 

Before start of batch, cool about 80.0 mL purified water and flush with nitrogen gas (purity 99.95%). Use this water for making solutions and for adjusting the volume. 

SET UP APPARATUS AS DESCRIBED ON PAGE 35 WITH THIS EXCEPTION IN BOTTLE B, MAKE SOLUTION OF /2 g POTASSIUM IODIDE IN 40 ml WATER. AS CHLORINE BUBBLES THROUGH THIS SOLUTION IT TURNS BROWN FROM THE FREED IODINE. WITH MORE CHLORINE IT CLEARS AGAIN WHEN COLORLESS IODIC ACID FORMS. 

J MAKE SOLUTION IN TEST TUBE OF CHEMICAL YOU WANT TO ANALYZE. LEAD GLASS TUBE INTO THE SOLUTION. 

MAKE SOLUTION OF 5 g WASHING SODA (SODIUM CARBONATE) IN 50 ml WATER. ADD SOME OF THIS SOLUTION TO THE OTHER TWO. IN BOTH JARS YOU WILL GET A HEAVY WHITE PRECIPITATE. IN THE Mg JAR, THIS IS NORMAL MAGNESIUM CARBONATE (MgCOj). IN Zn JAR, CO, IS SET FREE AND BASIC ZINC CARBONATE (Zn OH),ZnCOj) RESULTS. 

DISSOLVE A FEW CRYSTALS OF POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE IN WATER. ADD TINY AMOUNT OF SODIUM BISULFATE [TO MAKE SOLUTION SOUR). POUR IN A LITTLE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (HjOj). COLOR DISAPPEARS AND OXYGEN IS LIBERATED. 

DISSOLVE 1 g OF YOUR HOMEMADE 50AP IN 50 ml LUKEWARM WATER. ALSO MAKE SOLUTIONS IN 50 ml WATER OF 1 g TOILET SOAP, 1 g SOAP FLAKES, 1 g SOAP POWDER, 1 g POWDERED DETERGENT, AND 1 ml LIQUID DETERGENT. 

In general, the best data for correlating acid-base phenomena are obtained m gas-phase experiments rather than in solution. Discuss factors present in solution, especially in potar solvents, that make solution data suspect. 

Theta solvents. Selection of a poor solvent for a polymer is desirable when making solution property measurements because it permits the use of higher concentrations and minimizes the effects of nonideality. The most suitable choice is a theta solvent (73). Table 12 lists the theta solvents and the corresponding theta temperatures which have been found for PTHF. 

Figure 3.2 Machinery used to make solution-cast film on a commercial scale...

In the case of solution-crystallized UHMW-PE, it is possible to make solution-cast films in which the lamellar crystals are regularly stacked,... 

A beaker (below left) is a cylindrical cup with a notch at the top. They are often used for making solutions. An Erlenmeyer flask (below center) is a conical flask. A liquid in an Erlenmeyer flask will evaporate more slowly than when it is in a beaker and it is easier to swirl about. A round-bottom flask (below-right) is also called a Florence flask. It is designed for uniform heating, but it requires a stand... 

Adding even small amounts of extremely high molar mass PEO to water causes enormous increases in viscosity. Using too much will make solutions so viscous they will look more like a gel than a solution. When wet, PEO also feels slippery. It is sometimes added to hair conditioner to make hair easier to comb. The litde white lubricating strip on a safety razor is usually a small sample of PEO, During shaving, polymer from the top surface becomes wet and dissolves, providing lubrication. 

To solve them, we first determine B in terms of A from the second. Substituting in the other three, we have equations relating A and A Wo find, however, that the third and fourth equations lead to the same result, so that there are only two independent equations for A in terms of A. It is this which makes solution possible. These two equations are at once found to be... 

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