Macrophage-activation genes

Figure 22.2 Injury to endothelial cells, adhesion of monocytes and entry into subendothelial space. Injury to the cells by various factors activates genes for expression of adhesion molecules on the luminal surface of the cells. Monocytes attach to these molecules and then enter the subendothelial space. Here they are activated to form macrophages.

Lorsbach, R. B., Murphy, W. J., Lowenstein, C. J., Snyder, S. H., and Russell, S. W. (1993). Expression of the nitric oxide synthase gene in mouse macrophages activated for tumor cell killing. Molecular basis for the synergy between interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 1908-1913. 

In addition we have shown that IL-1 also induces the expression of c-jun in both islets and RINm5F cells, and have obtained preliminary evidence for nuclear factor RB (NF-kB) activation (J. A. Corbett and M. L. McDaniel, unpublished observation). TTiese three transcriptional regulators alone or in combination are believed to participate in IL-1-induced expression of nitric oxide synthase by the islet j8 cell. Importantly, Nathan and co-workers have shown the presence of NF-kB response elements upstream of the mouse macrophage iNOS gene (Xie et cd., 1993). 

Duffels, A., Green, L.G., Ley, S.V. and Miller, A.D. (2000) Synthesis of high-mannose type neoglycolipids Active targeting of liposomes to macrophages in gene therapy. Chem. Eur. J., 6,1416-1430. 

This cytokine has been shown to have a 70% identity with an open reading ft-ame (BCRFl) of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome. It and the protein encoded by BCRFl (vIL-10) have some common activities, such as suppression of IFN production and macrophage activation. This homology raises the possibility that EBV has captured and processed the human gene as a means of inhibiting antiviral immunity. EBV infection can cause immune suppression, which is probably dependent on an IL-10-like viral peptide. vIL-10 shares with IL-10 predominantly... 

YIO. Yu, S. F., Koemer, T. J., and Adams, D. O. Gene regulation in macrophage activation Differential regulation of genes encoding for tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, JE, and KC by interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide. J. Leukocyte Biol 48, 412-419 (1990). 

Metivier R, Reid G, Gannon F 2006 Transcription in four dimensions nuclear receptor-directed initiation of gene expression. EMBO Rep 7 161-167 Nilsson R, Bajic V, Katayama S et al 2006 Transcriptional network dynamics in macrophage activation. Genomics 88 133-142... 

Roach Tl, Barton CH, Chatteijee D, Blackwell JM. Macrophage activation lipoara-binomannan from avirulent and virulent strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis differentially induces the early genes c-fos, KC, JE, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. J Immunol 1993 150 1886-1896. 

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