Lymphocyte chromosome damage

U. Mukherjee, R. Nowotny, P. Palitti, Z. PolikovA, T. Sharma, and W. Schmidt, Chromosomal Damage Induced in Human Lymphocytes by Low Doses of D-T Neutrons, Mutation Research 173 267-272 (1986). 

When metabolic activation is used, S9 mix should not exceed 1-10 percent of the culture medium by volume. It has been shown that the S9 mix is clastogenic in CHO cells and mouse lymphoma cells (Cifone et al., 1987 Kirkland et al., 1989) but not in human lymphocytes, where blood components can inactivate active oxygen species which could cause chromosome damage. When S9 mix from animals treated with other enzyme-inducing agents such as phenobarbitone/beta-naphtho-flavone, is used, clastogenesis may be minimized (Kirkland et al., 1989). 

There is no clear evidence for genetic toxicity of mescaline. Chromosomal damage in lymphocytes was not evident in Huichol Indians, who have a 1,600-year cultural tradition of religious peyote use (Dorrance et al. 1975). 

Kirkland DJ, Smith KE, Van Abbe NJ. 1981. Failure of chloroform to induce chromosome damage or sister-chromatid exchanges in cultured human lymphocytes and failure to induce reversion in Escherichia coli. Food Cosmet Toxicol 19 651-656. 

Mackay JM, Fox V, Griffiths K, et al Trichloroacetic acid Investigation into the mechanism of chromosomal damage in the in vitro human lymphocyte cytogenetic assay and the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. Carcinogenesis 16(5) 1127-1133, 1995... 

Hoegerman SF, Cummins HT. 1983. Chromosome damage in peripheral lymphocytes from American thorium workers. Health Phys 44(Suppl 1) 365-371. 

Wiencke, J.K. Kelsey, K.T. (1993) Susceptibility to induction of chromosomal damage by metabolites of 1,3-butadiene and its relationship to spontaneous sister chromatid exchange frequencies inhuman lymphocytes. In Sorsa, M., Peltonen, K., Vainio, H. Hemminki, K., eds, Butadiene and Styrene Assessment of Health Hazards (lARC Scientific Publication No. 127), Lyon, lARC, pp. 265-273... 

Norppa, H., Tursi, F., Pfaffli, P, Maki-Paakkanen, J. Jarventaus, H. (1985) Chromosome damage induced by vinyl acetate through in vitro formation of acetaldehyde in human lymphocytes and Chinese hamster ovary cells. Cancer Res., 45, 4816-4821... 

Sheldon, T. (1989a) Chromosomal damage induced by caprolactam in human lymphocytes. Mutat. Res., 224, 325-327... 

Daunorubicin (Daunomycin and Cerubidine) and doxorubicin (Adriamycin) bind to and cause the intercalation of the DNA molecule, thereby inhibiting DNA template function. They also provoke DNA chain scission and chromosomal damage. Daunorubicin is useful in treating patients with acute lymphocytic or acute granulocytic leukemia. Adriamycin is useful in cases of solid tumors such as sarcoma, metastatic breast cancer, and thyroid cancer. These agents cause stomatitis, alopecia, myelosuppression, and cardiac abnormalities ranging from arrhythmias to cardiomyopathy. 

Lloyd, D.C. Hie problems of interpreting aberration yields induced by in vivo irradiation of lymphocytes, pp. 77-88. In H.J. Evans and D.C. Lloyd, Eds. Mutagen-induced Chromosome Damage in Man. New Haven Yale Univ. Press, 1978. 

Ahuja YR, Jaju M, Jaju M. Chromosome-damaging action of isoniazid and thiacetazone on human lymphocyte cultures in vivo. Hum Genet 1981 57(3) 321-2. 

Ghaisas SD. Bhide SV. 1994. In vitro studies on chemoprotective effects of purnark against benzo(a)pyrene-induced chromosomal damage in human lymphocytes. Cell Biol Int 18 (1 )21 -23. 

Human lymphocytes (tissue culture) Chromosomal damage No data + Sargent et al. 1989 Aroclor 1254... 

Biswas S, Talukder G, Sharma A. 2000. Chromosome damage induced by selenium salts in human peripheral lymphocytes. Toxicol in Vitro 14 405M08. 

Tonomura, A., Kishi, K., and Saito, F., Type and frequencies of chromosome aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes of general populations , in Radiation-induced Chromosome Damage in Man, Ishihara, T. and Sasaki, M., (Eds.), 1983, Alan Liss, New York, USA, pp. 601-615. 

Jelmert O, Hansteen IL and Langard S (1994) Chromosome damage in lymphocytes of stainless steel welders related to past and current exposure to manual metal arc welding fumes. Mutat Res 320 223-233. 

Abel, G. 1987. Chromosome-damaging effect of beta-asarone on human lymphocytes. Planta Med. 53(3) 251-253. 

Hirono, I., H. Mori, and C.C.J. Culvenor. 1976. Carcinogenic activity of coltsfoot, Tussilago farfara L. Gann 67(1) 125-129. Kraus, C., G. Abel, and O. Schimmer. 1985. Studies on the chromosome damaging effect of some pyrrolizidine alkaloids in human lymphocytes in vitro. Planta Med. 51(2) 89-91. 

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