Lung airways epithelial cells

Aksoy MO, Yang Y, Ji R, et al. CXCR3 Surface expression in human airway epithelial cells cell cycle dependence and effect on cell proliferation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2005 290(5) L909-918. 

The answer is A. Lung surfactant reduces surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli to increase pulmonary compliance and facilitate exchange of gases dissolved in that fluid from inspired air into the airway epithelial cells and eventually by diffusion into the blood. Although all the other options represent properties of water or solutions, they have nothing to do with the properties of surfactant. 

Halbert, C. L., Allen, J. M. and Miller, A. D. (2001). Adeno-associated virus type 6 (AAV6) vectors mediate efficient transduction of airway epithelial cells in mouse lungs compared to that of AAV2 vectors. J. Virol. 75, 6615-6624. 

Boitano et al. (1994) reported that Ca+2-conducting channels in airway epithelial cells were opened when mechanical stimulation was applied, causing a rapid depolarization of the stimulated cell. A mechanical strain-induced increase in cAMP content has been reported in fetal rabbit type II epithelial cells after continuous high amplitude strain for 24 h. An intermittent strain of 18% resulted in an increase in cAMP production in cultured rat fetal lung cells. Strain-induced fetal lung cell growth occurs via activation of PTK and PLC. 

Potential sources of NO in the lungs include activated alveolar macrophages, neutrophils alveolar type II cells endothelial cells and airway cells. nNOS is localized to nonadrenergic/noncholinergic nerve terminals and is present in human airway epithelial cells. eNOS is localized to human pulmonary epithelium and bronchial epithelium. Studies have suggested that iNOS is constitutively expressed in human upper airway epithelium... 

McGraw DW, Forbes SL, Mak JC, et al. Transgenic overexpression of p2-adre-nergic receptors in airway epithelial cells decreases bronchoconstriction. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2000 279 L379-L389. 

Wheelock AM, Zhang L, Tran MU, Morin D, Penn S, Buckpitt AR, Plopper CG. Isolation of rodent airway epithelial cell proteins facilitates in vivo proteomics studies of lung toxicity. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2004 286(2) L399-410. 

Brown SG, Gallacher M, Olver RE, Wilson SM (2008) The regulation of selective and nonselective Na+ conductances in H441 human airway epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 294(5) L942-L954... 

Cowley EA, Linsdell P (2002) Oxidant stress stimulates anion secretion from the human airway epithelial cell line Calu-3 implications for cystic fibrosis lung disease. J Physiol 543(Pt 1) 201-209... 

Joseph, T., Look, D. Ferkol, T. NF-kappaB activation and sustained IL-8 gene expression in primary cultures of cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells stimulated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 288 (2005) L471-9. 

Camner etal. 1984, Horie et al. 1985). Studies in cultured human airway epithelial cells indicate that the chronic active inflammation and fibrosis of the lung induced by inhalation of 0X1382 involves the expression of an inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-8 (IL-8). Xickel induced transcription of IL-8 occurs through a pathway that requires oxidant-sensitive activator protein (AP-1) and non-traditional transcription factors (Barchowsky et al. 2002). 

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