Livestock dips

Often pesticide wastes, which require special disposal facilities, are in a dilute form and result from rinsates from containers, spray tanks, and equipment wash water. These may originate from the small applicator or large commercial operator. Such wastes should be sprayed on an area for which they are approved or placed in a safe disposal facility. Occasionally, fairly large volumes of recommended concentration dilute mixtures resulting from livestock dipping operations, overestimating the amount needed for a spray operation, etc., must be discarded. 

Arsenic has been used in a wide variety of products and applications over the years, including pesticides, livestock dips and feed additives, wood preservatives, semiconductors, dyes, paints, alloys, and medicines... 

The heavy contamination of areas on which livestock dipping vats are located is recognized, as is the contamination of streams and ponds from careless dumping and cleaning of spray tanks. Pesticides used in homes and gardens may be partially disposed of in the sewer, ultimately reaching streams, lakes, and oceans. Milk and other products not... 

OPs are often applied as sprays. Commonly, the formulations used for spraying are emulsifiable concentrates, where the OP is dissolved in an organic liquid that acts as a carrier. OPs are also used as seed dressings and as components of dips used to protect livestock against ectoparasites. Some highly toxic OPs have been incorporated into granular formulations for application to soil or to certain crops. 

Dipping vats are large tanks (vats) of liquid pesticide mixture used to treat livestock for external parasites. They are used in farm, ranch, and regulatory pest control operations. Portable dipping vats are usually trailer-mounted tanks with a set of folding ramps and railings. The animals are driven up the ramp onto a platform and forced into the tank so they are completely immersed. The animal s head may have to be pushed under the surface. 

Spray-dip machines are used to treat livestock for external parasites. They are used in farm, ranch, regulatory, and other livestock pest control operations. 

Tetrachlorvinphos is commonly used as a feed additive to control flies in livestock and as dusts, sprays, dips, and collar ingredient to control ticks and fleas on domestic pets. It is extensively used in poultry. In horses formulations are commonly used as feed-through larvicide. In addition, tetrachlorvinphos is also used in the control of nuisance and public health pests. 

In a study in rural South Africa, a case control study was conducted to investigate the association between pesticide exposure and the occurrence of birth defects. It was found that women who were exposed to pesticides in gardens and fields were seven times more likely to give birth to babies with birth defects than women not so exposed. Deformed babies were also almost twice as likely to be born when their mothers dipped livestock in pesticides to prevent ticks and 6.5 times more likely to be born when their mothers fetched water with plastic containers that had previously held pesticides than cohort mothers who did not dip livestock or use pesticide-contaminated water containers. ... 

As with all livestock, geese need access to supplies ot tresh water. It you don t have a pond and use a water trough instead, make sure that it is deep enough tor the geese to dip their heads. 

About 98% of all soybean meal is used for livestock feed (Fig. 5.24). Feed utilization levels dip slightly during the summer when crush margins are at their worst and processors market soy protein to the higher valued soy food sector. 

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