Liquid Management

Elements of Liquid Management at Waste Containment Sites. 1126... 

ELEMENTS OF LIQUID MANAGEMENT AT WASTE CONTAINMENT SITES... 

This section presents an overview of collector design and materials, followed by a discussion of the three parts of a liquid management system the LCRS above the primary liner, the secondary leak detection, collection, and removal (LDCR) system between the primary and secondary liners, and the surface water collection system above the closure of the completed facility. The section concludes with a discussion of gas-collector and removal systems. 

The third part, called the surface water collection and removal (SWCR) system, lies above the waste system in a cap or closure above the closed facility. Its purpose is to redirect surface water coming through the cover soil from the flexible membrane in the cap to the outside perimeter of the system. The location of all three parts of the liquid management system is illustrated in Figure 26.21. 

The drainage materials for the liquid management system must allow for unimpeded flow of liquids for the intended lifetime of the facility. In a leachate collection system, the drains may consist of pipes, soil (gravel), geonets, or geocomposites. 

Geosynthetic materials play a key role in liquid management systems. The five major categories of... 

A landfill designed to contain liquids by the use of engineered liners. This type of landfill requires effective liquid management systems. 

Automation of analyses involving liquid samples is facilitated by their usually adequate homogeneity and easy mechanical handling by use of peristaltic or piston pumps, or some other liquid management devices, i.e. a liquid driver. Nonetheless, this is not the case when dealing with solid samples, analysis of which frequently involves their prior conversion into liquids by dissolution. The dissolution step is the bottleneck of analytical processes involving solid samples, as it is frequently slow and must be performed manually. 

When a rollover occurs, the vapour lines and emergency vent valves must be large enough for the expected maximum evaporation rate not to raise the tank pressure above the design pressure. A necessary comfort for liquid management ... 

Eig. 11. Liquid-cooled cold plates or heat sinks have been developed as thermal management solutions to cool components for Hquid-cooled computer systems and other electronic systems where heat removal becomes one of the important design criteria. 

Booker Morey, Ph.D., Senior Consultant, SRI International Member, Society of Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration (SME of AIME), The Filtration Society, Air and Waste Management Association Registered Professional Engineer (California and Massachusetts) (Section 18, Liquid-Solid Operations and Equipment)... 

Eric Jenett/ M.S.Ch.E./ Manager, Proce.ss Engineering, Brown Root, Inc. as.sociate member, AlChE, Project Management Institute Registered Professional Engineer (Texas). (Power Recoveiy from Liquid Streams)... 

The key components in the fuel vapor control system include the fuel tank, vapor vent valves, vapor control valve, vapor tubing, the activated carbon canister, and the engine vapor management valve (VMV) [25,26], During normal vehicle operation, fuel tank vapor pressure is relieved through the use of vapor vent valves installed in the vapor dome of the fuel tank. The vent valves are designed to allow for the flow of fuel vapor from the tank, and to assure that liquid fuel does not pass through the valve. 

Volatilization — Volatilization is a physico-chemical phenomenon of particular interest to environmental managers as well as safety managers. It is the tendency of a material to transfer from a liquid phase (either pure or dissolved as in aqueous systems) to a gaseous phase (commonly air). The volatilization, or evaporation as it is more commonly called, is controlled by a number of factors, the most important of which are the vapor pressure of the material, temperature (vapor pressure increases with temperature), and air/material interfacial surface area, and the action of active mass transfer agents such as wind. 

A liquid chlorine tank was kept cool by a refrigeration system that used CFCs. In 1976 the local management decided to use ammonia instead. Management w as unaware that ammonia and chlorine react to form explosive nitrogen trichloride. Some of the armnonia leaked into the chlorine, and the nitrogen trichloride that was formed exploded in a pipeline... 

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