Liquid fuels pressure tanks

The liquid fuel handling components of the fuel system include the fuel filler pipe, fuel tank, fuel pirmp, and the fuel supply and return lines. The fuel tank is a low pressure, low hydrocarbon emission vessel designed to contain both the liquid and vapor phases of the fuel. An electric pump located inside the fuel tank is used to transfer liquid fuel from the tank to the engine. The fuel in the tank is suctioned from a small reservoir in the tank which minimizes liquid level transients caused by vehicle motion. 

The key components in the fuel vapor control system include the fuel tank, vapor vent valves, vapor control valve, vapor tubing, the activated carbon canister, and the engine vapor management valve (VMV) [25,26], During normal vehicle operation, fuel tank vapor pressure is relieved through the use of vapor vent valves installed in the vapor dome of the fuel tank. The vent valves are designed to allow for the flow of fuel vapor from the tank, and to assure that liquid fuel does not pass through the valve. 

Ninety minutes after the fire started, the sphere burst. Ten out of 12 firemen within 50 m were killed. Men 140 m away were badly burned by a wave of propane that came over the eompound wall. Altogether, 15-18 men were killed (reports differ), and about 80 were injured. The area was abandoned. Flying debris broke tbe legs of an adjacent sphere, w hich fell over. Its relief valve discharged liquid, which added to the fire, and 45 minutes later this sphere burst. Altogether, five spheres and two other pressure vessels burst, and three were damaged. The fire spread to gasoline and fuel oil tanks. 

For all three configurations, ethanol is used as the liquid fuel. It is pressurized to 90 psi in a fuel tank by high-pressure nitrogen, metered, and sent to the nozzle through a tube mounted in the center of the air chamber. 

Vehicle LPG storage tanks are cylindrical with rounded ends and are capable of holding fuel at pressures of 240 to 250 psig. The tanks are much stronger than those used to hold conventional liquid fuels, but less sophisticated than CNG storage tanks. Carbon steel or aluminum can be used for tank construction. Because propane can dissolve plasticizers used in elastomer production, only propane-resistant elastomers such as neoprene, nitrile, or Teflon should be used. Except for the need for a gas-tight connection, LPG can be dispensed in the same manner as gasoline or diesel fuel. To ensure that adequate vapor space is available for gas expansion, automatic limiters are incorporated to maintain an 80% maximum fill rate. 

Propane can be stored as liquid in pressurized (approximately 15 atmospheres) storage tanks and/or at cold temperatures and vaporizes to a gas at atmospheric pressure and normal temperatures. This makes it possible to store a large volume of propane as a liquid in a relatively small volume propane as a vapor occupies 270 times the volume of propane in liquid form. This makes liquid propane an ideal fuel for transport and storage until needed. 

LPG. LPG could be a principal alternative transportation fuel if its other uses were displaced by natural gas. A significant number of LPG fueling stations are located throughout the United States. LPG is a liquid fuel and does not suffer the same driving range problem as natural gas. Because LPG vapor pressure is high, the storage tank has to withstand 2800 kPa (400 psi). 

Evaporation is necessary in gas-powered barbecue grills. Fuel is safe and easy to store as a liquid. The liquid fuel is stored under pressure in a tank attached to the barbecue grill. When the grill is turned on, the liquid fuel is heated just enough so it evaporates into a gas. This gas is easily ignited to create a cooking flame. 

In rockets burning liquid fuels the oxidizing agent (e.g., liquid oxygen) is pumped from tanks into the combustion chamber. Simultaneously, fuel (e.g., kerosene) is pumped into the chamber and burned. The combustion takes place at a constant high pressure and produces high-temperature product gases tha are expanded in a nozzle, as indicated in Fig. 8.14. 

PSM applies to a process involving a chemical at or above the specified threshold quantities listed in 1910.119, Appendix A, and also listed in Table 3.9. The requirements of the rule are also applicable to processes that involve a flammable liquid or gas on-site, in one location, in a quantity of 10,000 lb or more, except for hydrocarbon fuels used solely for workplace consumption as a fuel, or flammable liquids stored in atmospheric pressure tanks. 

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