Rheumatoid factors

Latex agglutination immunoassays are easily formatted into simple kits which can provide yes/no and semiquantitative estimates of antigen (or antibody) in a sample. The first such assay was developed in 1957 for rheumatoid factor (15) and assays are on the market for the deterrnination of many species of bacteria, fungi. Mycoplasma, parasites, ckettsia, and vimses, as well as for the deterrnination of autoimmune disease, hormones (qv), dmgs (see Pharmaceuticals), and blood proteins (16). Latex agglutination is also the basis of many home pregnancy tests. 

WPG-PA carrying IgG has been also applied to the isolation of the rheumatoid factor from sera of rheumatoid arthritis patients [128]. Some other applications of WPG-PA are the following. 

The potential of B lymphocyte depletion as an approach to therapy has been confirmed in RA patients seropositive for rheumatoid factor and/or anti-CCP antibodies using the anti-CD20 mAb, rituximab. 

It is an autoantibody whose autoantigen is the Fc portion of IgG. Rheumatoid factors may be of any immunoglobulin isotype but it is IgM rheumatoid factor that is commonly measured in rheumatoid arthritis. Classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis include only one serological test, namely rheumatoid factor. However, it is not diagnostic test rather it may be confirmatory when a number of other clinical features are present. 

Reye s Syndrome RGS Protein Rhabdomyolysis Rheumatoid Arthritis Rheumatoid Factor Rho... 

MI myocardial infarction (heart attack) RF rheumatoid factor... 

Factors associated with poor outcomes are (1) early age of disease onset, (2) elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, (3) high titer of rheumatoid factor, (4) swelling of more than 20 joints, and (5) presence of extraarticular manifestations. 

Immunologic phenomena glomerulonephritis, Osier s nodes, Roth s spots, and rheumatoid factor... 

Recent innovations for detecting malaria include DNA or RNA probes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These, however, are not widely available for clinical use. A rapid dipstick test (ParaSight F, Becton-Dickinson, Cockeyville, MD) reportedly has a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 97%, which is comparable to microscopy. However, ParaSight F can give false-positive results with rheumatoid factor thus microscopy remains the optimal test. 

PH Hydrogen ion concentration RF Rheumatoid factor renal failure rheumatic fever... 

Rheumatoid factors Antibodies reactive with the Fc region of immunoglobulin G. 

CCR2 CIA DBA/lj T Higher rheumatoid factor titers, enhanced T-cell activation, and monocyte/macrophage accumulation in the joints 43, 46... 

Newkirk MM. Rheumatoid factors host resistance or autoimmunity Clin Immunol 2002 104(1) 1-13. 

H.O. Ghourchian and N. Kamo, Improvement of latex piezoelectric immunoassay detection of rheumatoid factor. Talanta 41, 401-406 (1994). 

RA results from a dysregulation of the humoral and cell-mediated components of the immune system. Most patients produce antibodies called rheumatoid factors these seropositive patients tend to have a more aggressive course than patients who are seronegative. 

Demonstration of abnormal amounts of serum rheumatoid factor by any method that has been positive in less than 5% of normal control subjects. 

Rantapaa-Dahlqvist, S. et al., Antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide and IgA rheumatoid factor predict the development of rheumatoid arthritis, Arthritis Rheum., 48, 2741, 2003. 

Korpilahde, T. et al. Smoking history and serum cotinine and thiocyanate concentrations as determinants of rheumatoid factor in non-rheumatoid subjects, Rheumatology (Oxford), 43, 1424, 2004. 

Blackburn, W. D. J., Koopman, W. J., Schrohenloher, R. E., Heck, L. W. (1986). Induction of neutrophil enzyme release by rheumatoid factors Evidence for differences based on molecular characteristics. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 40,347-55. 

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