Life cycle assessment framework

FIGURE 2.1 Life cycle assessment framework with applications. 

Haas G, Wetterich F, Geier U. Life Cycle Assessment Framework in Agriculture on the Farm Level. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. 2000 5(6) 345-348. DOI 10.1065/lca2000.11.038... 

J. ISO, Environmental Management—Life Cycle Assessment—Principles and Framework (ISO 14040 1997). 

Advisory Group are considering different facets of LCA. In 1993, they developed the Code of Practice ,the first worldwide accepted technical framework for LCA. This was an important step towards the harmonisation of the method and has initiated and supported the standardisation process by ISO. Between 1997 and 2000, ISO produced the international series of standard defining the different stages of the LCA methodology (ISO 14040 1997, ISO 14041 1998, ISO 14042 2000 ° as well as ISO 14043 2000° ). As mentioned above, these standards were replaced by two improved editions of life cycle assessment standards in 2006 (ISO 14040 2006 and ISO 14044 2006°). 

ISO 14040 2006 (2006) Environmental Management - Life Cycle Assessment - Principles and Framework. European Commitee for Standardisation, Brussels, Belgium. 

Rebitzer, G. Hunkeler, D. (2003) Life Cycle Costing in LCM Ambitions, Opportunities, and Limitations - Discussing a Framework. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 8(5), 253-256. 

Rebitzer G, Ekvall T, Frischknecht R, Hunkeler D, Norris G, Rydberg T, Schmidt WP, Suh S, Weidema BP, Pennington DW. Life Cycle Assessment Part 1 Framework, Goal and Scope Definition, Inventory Analysis, and Applications. Environment International. 2004 30(5) 701-720. DOI 10.1016/j.envint.2003.11.005... 

Abstract Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a useful tool to assess impacts of cradle-to-grave chains of products/services. In the Riskcycle framework, the focus is on additives. Additives are usually minor constituents of products, but depending on their specific properties they can be important in the total scope of impacts of such products. In the LCA literature, additives are hardly visible. Most case studies of products containing additives do not mention them. The reasons for this are unclear, but are at least partly due to the fact that information on additives is not included in standard LCA databases. This is true for both life cycle inventory (LCI) and life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) databases. Therefore, it is difficult to conclude whether or not additives indeed are important contributors to environmental impacts over the life cycle. 

ISO 14040 (2006) Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and framework. International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO), Geneve... 

A Technical Framework for [Product] Life-Cycle Assessments. Smuggler s Notch, Vermont, 18 to 23 August 1990. Published by SETAC, Jan 1991 2nd printing Sep 1991 3rd printing Mar 1994. 

A Conceptual Framework for Life-Cycle Assessment Impact Assessment. Sandestin, Florida, 1 to 6 Feb 1992. Published by SETAC, 1993. 

Fava, J. Denison, R. Jones, B. Curran, M.A. Vigon, B. Selke, S. Barnum, J. (eds.), A Technical Framework for Life-Cycle Assessment, Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) Pensacola, FL, 1991. 

ISO 14 044 (DIN EN ISO 14040). 2006. Environmental management—life cycle assessment—principles and framework. 

Guinee, J., Heijungs, R. (1993) A proposal for the classification of toxic substances within the framework of life cycle assessment of products. Chemosphere 26(1), 1925-1944. 

The ISO 14000 series of standards, known informally as Environmental ISO, is a set of generic standards developed by the ISO to provide organizations with a framework for managing the environmental impact of their activities. Environmental disciplines including the basic environmental management system, product labeling, criteria for auditing, and life-cycle assessment are included. 

Rebitzer G, Ekvall T, Frischknecht R, etal. (2004) Life cycle assessment - Part 1 Framework, goal scope definition, inventory analysis, and applications. Environment International 30 701-720. 

Life-cycle assessment (LCA) is an increasingly popular macroscale approach of analyhcal framework tool for environmental audihng that idenhhes opportunihes... 

International Organization for Standardization, Environmental Management—Life-cycle Assessment Principles and Framework, ISO XXX, Geneva, Switzerland, 1997. 

J. Fava, R. Denison, B. Jones, M. Curran, B. Vigon, S. Selke, and J. Barnum, A Technical Framework for Life-Cycle Assessment. Society for Environmental toxicology and Chemistry, (1991). 

J. Fava, A. Jensen, L. Lindfors, S. Pomper, B. De Smet, J. Warren, and B. Vigon, Life-cycle Assessment Data Quality A Conceptual Framework, Society for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SEATAC) and SEATAC Foundation for Environmental Education, 1994. 

Rebitzer, G., Ekvall, T., Frischknecht, R., Hunkeler, D., Norris, G., Rydberg, T., Schmidt, W.-P., Sub, S., Weidema, B.P., Pennington, D.W., 2004. Life cycle assessment Part 1 framework, goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, and applications. Environment International 30, 701—720. 

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