Leukocyte migration

Richardson RM, Marjoram RJ, Barak LS, Snyderman R. Role of the cytoplasmic tails of CXCR1 and CXCR2 in mediating leukocyte migration, activation, and regulation. J Immunol 2003 170(6) 2904-2911. 

Paoletti S, Petkovic V, Sebastiani S, Danelon MG, Uguccioni M, Gerber BO. A rich chemokine environment strongly enhances leukocyte migration and activities. Blood 2005 105(9) 3405-3412. 

Imai T, Hieshima K, Haskell C, et al. Identification and molecular characterization of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1, which mediates both leukocyte migration and adhesion. Cell 1997 91 521-530. 

Ransohoff RM, Kivisakk P, Kidd G. Three or more routes for leukocyte migration into the central nervous system. Nat Rev Immunol 2003 3 569-581. 

In an important study, Kirton et al. [5] engineered a mouse-human chimeric antibody and demonstrated that this was able to reduce leukocyte migration in various in vitro and in vivo mouse models. In particular, leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity was reduced by 40% in the thioglycollate inflammation model using mice expressing human SSAO/VAP-1 protein. The Finnish company Biotie Therapies Corporation, is in clinical development with an antibody to VAP-1 [54],... 

Falk, W., Goodwin, R. H and Leonard, E. J. (1979) A 48-well microchemotaxis assembly for rapid and accurate measurement of leukocyte migration. J. Immunol. Methods 33, 239-247. 

Cell adhesion protein (intercellular adhesion molecule) lCAM-1 is up-regulated. This protein plays a role in cell-cell adhesion and leukocyte migration. 

Leukocyte migration inhibition. Ethanol (80%) extract of the dried rhizome, administered intragastrically to rats at a dose of 800 mg/kg, was active vs sheep erythrocyte-induced leucocyte migration " . 

Piroxicam, an oxicam (Figure 36-1), is a nonselective COX inhibitor that at high concentrations also inhibits polymorphonuclear leukocyte migration, decreases oxygen radical production, and inhibits lymphocyte function. Its long half-life (Table 36-1) permits once-daily dosing. 

Milk thistle may have anti-inflammatory properties. In vitro, silybin strongly and noncompetitively inhibits lipoxygenase and leukotriene formation. On the other hand, concentrations required to inhibit thromboxane and prostaglandin formation in vivo probably exceed dosing capabilities. Inhibition of leukocyte migration has also been observed in vivo and may be a factor when acute inflammation is present. 

The n-3 PUFAs are reported to reduce expression of endothelial adhesion molecules VCAM-1, E-selectin, and ICAM-1, therefore influencing leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions and leukocyte migration across the endothelium. 105,106 Oxidized EPA has been shown to be a more potent inhibitor of leukocyte-endothelial interaction, in vitro and in vivo, than EPA.107 Since EFAs regulate intercellular adhesion, it has been speculated that the skin changes that are observed in EFA deficiency, may be due, at least in part, to damaged cell adhesion.108 n-3 PUFAs and GLA supplementation enhance E-cadherin expression in cancer cells and this possibly reduces the invasiveness of these cells.109... 

Lymphoblast transformation test, the leukocyte migration inhibition test with specific allergen (Kaczmarski et al. 1997). 

The leukocyte migration inhibition test has been suggested to be a reliable test in cow s milk allergy but has been shown to be quite unspecific in other conditions (Kaczmarski et al. 1997). 

Modulates polymorphonuclear leukocyte migration across the vascular endothelium by reducing levels of cell surface-bound elastase [180]... 

Imai, T., Hieshima, K., Haskell, C., Baba, M., Nagira, M., Nishimura, M., Kakizaki, M., Takagi, S., Nomiyama, H., Schall, T. J., and Yoshie, O. (1997) Identification and molecular characterization of fractalkine receptor CX3CR1, which mediates both leukocyte migration and adhesion. Cell 91, 521-530. 

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