Leishmanicidal activity

Montenegro, H., Gutidrrez, M., Romero, L. L, Ortega-Barrfa, E., Capson, T. L. and Rios, L. C. 2003. Aporhine alkaloids from Guatteria spp. with Leishmanicidal activity. Planta Medica, 69 677-679. 

Mendonca-Filho, R.R., I A. Rodrigues, D. S. Alviano, et al. Leishmanicidal activity of polyphenolic-rich extract from husk fiber of Cocos nucifera Linn. (Palrmie). Res Microbiol 2004 155(3) 136-143. 

Choudhary MI, Yousuf S, Samreen, Shah SAA, Ahmed S, Atta-ur-Rahman (2006) Biotransformation of Physalin H and Leishmanicidal Activity of Its Transformed Products. Chem Pharm Bull 54 927... 

Moderate leishmanicidal activity against amastigotes of Leishmania don-ovani in hamsters was shown by thienopyrimidine 187 (89JPR957). 

Curcumin possesses leishmanicidal effects in vitro and is more potent than the standard leishmaniasis drug, pentamidine. LD50 for leishmanicidal activity in vitro is found to be 37.6 3.5pM (Koide et al., 2002). 

Steroidal alkaloids have been encountered only in one Malaysian species, viz., Hoiarrhena curlisii, from which holacurtine (36), the first aminoglycosteroid was obtained [45]. Previous studies of African and Indian Hoiarrhena showed that these plants provided mainly steroidal alkaloids of the aminopregnane-type [46-48]. The Indian species H antidysenterica in particular has received considerable attention since the plant has a long history of being used in the treatment of dysentery [49,50]. A second study of the Malaysian H. curlisii was prompted by the observation that the chloroform and ethanol extracts of the leaves showed significant leishmanicidal activity which was subsequently traced lo the basic fraction derived from these extracts. Further fractionation led to the isolation of several aminoglycosteroids, holacurtine... 

Campnosperma panamense Standi, (leaves) Lanaroflavone (249). Antiprotozoal activity. antimalarial and leishmanicidal activities, but inactive against Chagas disease vector. Trypanosoma cruzi. Weniger et al., 2001 [126], 2004 [70], 2006[86]. 

Kimert, O. Swamy, R. C. Kaiser, M. Presser, A. Buzzi, S. Appa Rao, A. V. N. Schuhly, W., Antiplasmodial and leishmanicidal activity of biflavonoids from Indian Selaginella bryopteris, Phytochem. Lett, 2008, 1, 171-174. 

A series of monomeric and dimeric naphthoquinones with potential for treatment of Leishmania infections were identified in vitro using a direct cytotoxicity assay against extracellular promastigotes of Leishmania spp. [196,197]. Lapachol was evaluated in vitro against intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania braziliensis and then tested in an animal model (hamster) to try to reproduce the leishmanicidal activity. In vitro lapachol exhibited an... 

Cryptotanshinone is a quinoid diterpene with a nor-abietane skeleton isolated from roots of the Iranian medicinal plant Perouskia abronatoides L. which exhibited leishmanicidal activity in vitro. These findings provide a rationale for the traditional use of the roots in Iran as a constituent of poultices for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis [199], More recently, Valderrama et al. [200] synthesized several eurylfurylquinones and hydroquinones from activated monosubstituted 1,4-benzoquinones and studied their in vitro activities against Leishmania amazonensis. 

Liew FY, Li Y, Millott S (1990) Tumour necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) in leishmaniasis. II. TNF-alpha-induced macrophage leishmanicidal activity is mediated by nitric oxide from L-arginine. Immunology 71 556-559... 

Documented effects Compounds isolated from the roots exhibited leishmanicidal activity in vitro and inhibited growth of cultured malaria parasites, human lymphocytes, and human carcinoma cell lines (Sairafianpour et al. 2001). Compounds isolated from the aboveground parts exhibited cytotoxic activity against leukemia cells (Aoyagi et al. 2006). 

Synthesis of Tdazoles. 7V-Bis(methylthio)methylene-para-toluenesulfonamide has been utilized in the synthesis of substituted triazoles that possess antimicrobial activities (eqs 16-18). The substituted triazoles in eq 17 were specifically used as precursors for constructing several fused heterocycles that exhibit leishmanicidal activity against L. donovanl The level of regioselectivity in these annulation reactions is also noteworthy. 

Chan-Bacab MJ, Pena-Rodriguez LM (2001) Plant natural products with leishmanicidal activity. Nat Prod Rep 18 674-688... 

Cordona D, Quinones W, Torres F, Robledo S, Velez ID, Cruz V, Notario R, Echeverri F (2006) Leishmanicidal activity of withajardins and acnistins. An experimental and computational study. Tetrahedron 62 6822-6829... 

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